膨腹海马养殖群体遗传多样性  

Genetic diversity analysis of cultured Hippocampus abdominalis population

作　　者：郑乐云 韦丽云 闫旭 卢柯宇 张敏琳 梁建韬 梁凯珊 何丽斌[3] 甘松永 吴锦辉 王庆 ZHENG Leyun;WEI Liyun;YAN Xu;LU Keyu;ZHANG Minlin;LIANG Jiantao;LIANG Kaishan;HE Libin;GAN Songyong;WU Jinhui;WANG Qing(College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Xiamen Ocean Vocational College,Xiamen 361102,China;Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361012,China;Marine Fisheries Experimental Center of Guangdong,Huizhou 529699,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学海洋学院,广东广州510642 [2]厦门海洋职业技术学院,福建厦门361102 [3]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361012 [4]广东省海洋渔业实验中心,广东惠州529699

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第5期537-545,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2400502);厦门市科技计划项目(2021FCX012501180007);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515012505).

摘　　要：为了解我国主要养殖的4个膨腹海马(Hippocampus abdominalis)群体[山东第三代群体(SD)、福建第一代群体(FJ1)、福建第六代群体(FJ6)、台湾第十二代群体(TW)]和1个澳大利亚野生种繁育子代(AS)的遗传结构,开发了6个具有多态性的膨腹海马微卫星标记,并利用这6个微卫星标记对5个群体的膨腹海马群体进行了遗传分析,结果发现6对引物在144个样本个体中共检测出63个等位基因位点,等位基因数目在8~14之间,平均为10.5,且PIC>0.25,表明6个微卫星位点都具有较高的多态性。此外,探索发现5个群体的观测杂合度和期望杂合度均值分别为0.6603和0.8104,表明5个群体遗传多样性较丰富。进一步,通过分子方差分析和遗传分析可知5个群体的遗传变异主要来自种群内,各个群体间保持着较高水平的遗传距离,其中台湾(TW)和福建(FJ1)群体之间的遗传距离最大,为0.4529。综上结果表明,5个膨腹海马养殖群体之间存在遗传差异且群体的遗传多样性较丰富,没有出现遗传多样性降低情况,这些膨腹海马群体可继续用作后续的繁育工作。Hippocampus abdominalis are an economically important aquatic species in China.To understand the genetic structure of five populations of the main farmed distended seahorses in China[the third cultured stock in Shangdong province(SD),the first cultured stock in Fujian province(FJ1),the sixth cultured stock in Fujian province(FJ6),the 12th cultured stock in Tai Wan(TW),and breeding offspring of one Australian wild species(AS)],We developed six polymorphic microsatellite markers of the H.abdominalis,and used these 6 microsatellite markers for genetic analysis of five populations of H.abdominalis.The results showed that 63 alleles were detected by 6 pairs of primers in 144 samples.The number of alleles ranged from 8 to 14,with an average of 10.5 and PIC>0.25,indicating that all 6 microsatellite loci had high polymorphism.In addition,the observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity of the five populations were 0.6603 and 0.8104,respectively,indicating that the genetic diversity of the five populations was relatively rich.Further,the molecular variance analysis and genetic analysis was found that the genetic variation of the five populations mainly came from within the population,and a relatively high level of genetic distance was maintained among the 5 populations,among which the genetic distance between Taiwan(TW)and Fujian(FJ1)populations was the largest at 0.4529.In summary,there were genetic differences among the five H.abdominalis populations,and the genetic diversity of the populations was relatively rich and there was no decline in genetic diversity,indicating the 5 H.abdominalis populations could continue to be used for subsequent breeding.

关 键 词：膨腹海马 微卫星标记 遗传分析 期望杂合度 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]