水中添加柠檬酸对大口黑鲈耐低氧能力的影响  

Effects of citric acid addition to water on the hypoxia tolerance of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：刘佳林 于浩东 陈菲菲 张学振[1,2] LIU Jialin;YU Haodong;CHEN Feifei;ZHANG Xuezheng(College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Ministry of Education,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,长江经济带大宗水生生物产业绿色发展教育部工程研究中心,湖北省池塘养殖工程实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第5期576-587,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900303);中央级高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2662019FW013).

摘　　要：为探究在水中添加柠檬酸(citric acid,CA)对处于急性低氧胁迫下的大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)耐低氧能力的影响,以平均体重(18.53±0.43)g的大口黑鲈幼鱼为研究对象,向养殖水体中添加柠檬酸至终浓度分别为0(T0)、0.01‰(T1)、0.05‰(T2)和0.10‰(T3),在初始溶解氧浓度(DO)为7.5 mg/L的水体中停止充氧,进行2.5 h的急性低氧胁迫,每0.5 h测定水中DO,对照组DO为(7.5±0.2)mg/L。胁迫结束后测定抗应激能力、机体损伤与死亡率。结果显示,与对照组相比,T0组大口黑鲈血浆中应激相关指标皮质醇(COR)与乳酸(LD)含量显著升高(P<0.05),表征机体氧化损伤的丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,肝脏凋亡相关基因半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶3(caspase-3)基因转录水平显著升高(P<0.05);与T0组相比,T3组死亡率显著降低,血浆中COR、LD与H2O2含量显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏中caspase-3基因转录水平显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,急性低氧胁迫导致大口黑鲈产生氧化应激与机体损伤,甚至大量死亡;0.1‰CA可提高大口黑鲈抗急性低氧胁迫能力,缓解急性低氧胁迫对机体的损伤并降低死亡率。During the fishing and transportation processes of farmed fish,they are stimulated by various stressors,such as high density,hypoxia,vibration,and sound,which can damage the fish body or cause rapid death.Carboxylic acid(CA)is an important edible organic acid that is easily soluble in water,inexpensive,and readily available.CA is often added as a feed additive in formula feed to improve the growth performance of farmed fish,maintain intestinal health,and enhance immune and stress resistance.However,there have been few reports on the use of CA in water to enhance the ability of fish to resist acute stress.Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)is a widely cultivated and economically important fish in China;however,it is not tolerant of low oxygen levels.Largemouth bass will surface and die when dissolved oxygen(DO)is below 2 mg/L.Deaths caused by acute hypoxic stress during fishing and transportation have attracted considerable attention.To investigate the effects of CA added to water on the hypoxia tolerance of largemouth bass under acute hypoxia stress,using juvenile largemouth bass[mean weight:(18.53±0.43)g]as the study subject,CA was added to the culture water to a final concentration of 0(T0),0.01‰(T1),0.05‰(T2),and 0.10‰(T3),respectively,and oxygenation was stopped in the water with an initial dissolved oxygen concentration of 7.5 mg/L.Acute hypoxic stress was applied for 2.5 h,and the DO in the water was measured every 0.5 h.The DO concentration in the control group was(7.5±0.2)mg/L.At the end of the stress period,stress tolerance,body damage,and mortality were assessed.The results showed that,compared with the T0 group,the oxygen consumption of the T2 group during the first 2.5 h of acute hypoxic stress significantly decreased.The T3 group had significantly reduced oxygen consumption and mortality rates of largemouth bass under acute hypoxic stress(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the stress-related indicators of cortisol(COR),lactate(LD),and glucose(GLU)in the plasma of largemouth bass in th

关 键 词：柠檬酸 缓解 大口黑鲈 急性低氧胁迫 机体损伤 死亡率 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]