面向富语义复杂事件的时空数据建模  

Spatio-temporal data modeling of rich semantic for composite events

作　　者：刘凤[1] 钟志农[1] 贾庆仁 景宁[1] 马梦宇 杨飞 LIU Feng;ZHONG Zhinong;JIA Qingren;JING Ning;MA Mengyu;YANG Fei(National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学,长沙410073

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第7期1700-1717,共18页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U19A2058)。

摘　　要：时空是事件的基本特征,复杂事件是多个事件的综合过程,具有多尺度时空特征、多层次语义特征。如何依托时空数据模型,从事件的基本特征出发对复杂事件建模、分析,是实现对事件时空演变知识挖掘与模拟推理的关键途径。由于现有模型难以捕捉事件中跨时空粒度多实体对象间的演变轨迹与时空演化因果关联,缺乏对复杂事件语义动态变化的刻画,无法满足对复杂事件的建模需求。本文主要:(1)分析复杂事件中事件的概念,提出富语义事件时空数据模型,拓宽了时空数据模型所表达的事件维度。依据事件的多维度特征,实现了对跨时空粒度的多实体对象伴随事件演变的状态与行为特征描述;(2)以事件特征聚合事件层次结构,建立事件由繁至简、由事件本身到其组成要素的多级逻辑框架;(3)刻画复杂事件中事件与事件、实体与实体的关联关系,以时空关系、属性关系的演变推动对事件潜在因果关系的分析;(4)以人类社会历史战争为例,阐述富语义事件时空数据模型的建模与分析方法,依托GIS平台阐述模型表达内容在事件实例中的应用,解释了伴随事件推进引起实体属性演变、实体与实体关系演变,再由上述变化引发新的事件发生的知识推理过程,验证了模型的可行性与实用性。The spatio-temporal feature is a fundamental characteristic of an event.A composite event is the intricate amalgamation of multiple events that have multi-scale spatio-temporal features and multi-level semantic attributes.To effectively model and analyze composite events,it is essential to leverage a spatiotemporal data model that captures the basic features of events and to realize the knowledge mining as well as the simulation and reasoning of the spatio-temporal evolution of events.Existing models often struggle to portray the evolutionary trajectories and causal relationships between entities across different scales of composite events,and lack the ability to capture the dynamically semantic changes of composite events,hindering their ability to meet the requirements for accurate modeling.The primary contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)By analyzing the concept of events within composite events,we propose a rich semantic event spatio-temporal data model that broadens the dimensions of events covered by existing models.We describe the diverse states and behaviors associated with the evolution of multiple entities across various temporal and spatial granularities based on the multidimensional characteristics of events in different domains.(2)We aggregate event hierarchies with their characteristics to establish a multi-level logical framework of events,progressing from complexity to simplicity,from the event itself to its constituent elements.(3)In our model,we depict the associations between events and events,as well as entities and entities within complex events,and analyze the potential causal relationship of the event through the evolution of spatio-temporal relationships and attribute relationships.(4)Finally,we elaborate on the modeling and analysis methods of the rich semantic event spatio-temporal data model by instantiating a historical war in human society.We illustrate the model's application using a GIS platform,demonstrating the knowledge inference process of evolving entity states and cha

关 键 词：复杂事件 富语义 事件时空数据模型 多时空 时空演化因果关联 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]