AI换脸行为刑法规制的纠偏:法益与罪数的双重路径  

Correction of the Criminal Law System for AI Face-Swapping Behavior:The Dual Path of Legal Interests and Number of Offenses

作　　者：刘艳红 姜文智 Liu Yanhong;Jiang Wenzhi

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第5期5-30,156,F0003,共28页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：利用AI换脸制作淫秽物品、冒用他人身份、侵犯他人著作权的行为不仅对社会法益造成侵害,更直接危及个人法益。现有解释论没有重视此类行为对个人法益的严重侵害,而是偏爱以保护社会法益的罪名处罚,甚至不惜进行类推解释,但仍然难以实现对AI换脸行为的全面规制。由于处罚不均衡而产生的立法论忽略了犯罪竞合对数罪并罚的限制,使立法目的不能实现,而通过法益和罪数的充分评价实现数罪并罚后立法论便没有存在的必要。犯罪认定的目的是对行为的违法性实现不重复、不遗漏的评价,AI换脸行为侵犯异质法益时应成立想象竞合,存在数行为时应进行充分评价以实现数罪并罚,不能以牵连犯理论或选择性罪名为由择一重罪处罚。The use of AI face-swapping to produce obscene materials,impersonate other people,s identities,and infringe on other people,s copyrights not only infringes on social legal interests but also directly jeopardizes individual legal interests.Existing interpretive theories do not pay attention to the serious infringement of personal legal interests by such acts,preferring to punish the crime with the protection of social legal interests,even at the expense of analogical interpretations,but it is still difficult to achieve comprehensive regulation of AI face-swapping acts.Due to the unbalanced punishment of the legislative theory,it also ignores the limitations of multiple punishment for criminal competition,so that the legislative purpose cannot be achieved.Through a full evaluation of legal interests and the number of offenses,achieving multiple punishment is no longer necessary.The purpose of criminal determination is to achieve a non-repetitive and non-omissive evaluation of the illegality of behavior.AI face-swapping behavior should be evaluated for imaginary competition when infringing on heterogeneous legal interests,and the existence of multiple acts should be fully evaluated to achieve multiple offenses and penalties.It is not appropriate to choose a felony punishment based on the theory of guilt by association or selective charges.

关 键 词：AI换脸 一键脱衣 深度伪造 数罪并罚 社会法益 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]