银川平原地下水化学成因机制与组分来源解析  

Formation Mechanism and Source Apportionment of Hydrochemical Components in Groundwater in the Yinchuan Plain

作　　者：韩双宝[1,2,3] 周殷竹 郑焰 周金龙 李长青[5] 韩强强[6] 李甫成 HAN Shuang-bao;ZHOU Yin-zhu;ZHENG Yan;ZHOU Jin-long;LI Chang-qing;HAN Qiang-qiang;LI Fu-cheng(Hydrogeological and Environmental Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300304,China;College of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China;Investigate of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,天津300304 [2]哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,哈尔滨150090 [3]南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院,深圳518055 [4]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [5]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [6]宁夏回族自治区水文环境地质调查院,银川750021

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第8期4577-4588,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20230077,DD20221754);国家自然科学基金项目(41831279)。

摘　　要：地下水是银川平原生活生产和农业灌溉的主要水源之一.受区域环境背景的影响以及人类活动的长期作用,地下水水质整体较差.为了深入分析银川平原地下水水化学成因机制并解析水化学组分来源,采用传统的水化学图解法与数理统计法和主成分分析-多元线性统计模型,基于100组潜水和46组承压水样品的无机组分含量,分析了潜水和承压水水化学特征与质量状况、超标毒理组分的空间分布以及水化学组分来源贡献率.结果表明:①地下水水化学成分受岩石风化和蒸发浓缩作用的共同控制.②溶滤-富集作用(F1)、原生地质环境(F2)和人类活动因素(F3)是影响研究区地下水的主要因素,其对地下水化学组分来源的贡献率分别为73.67%、14.45%和11.88%.③地下水超标的主要毒理指标为NO_(3)^(-)-N和F^(-);农业活动对区内高NO_(3)^(-)-N潜水的贡献较大,其次为生活污水的排放;含F矿物溶滤与阳离子交换吸附作用是地下水中F^(-)富集的主要因素.Groundwater is one of the major water sources for production,living,and agricultural irrigation in the Yinchuan Plain.Owing to the influence of the regional environmental background and long-term effects of human activities,groundwater quality is generally inferior.To deeply analyze the formation mechanism and source of hydrochemical components in groundwater in the Yinchuan Plain,the traditional hydrochemical graphic method and mathematical statistics and principal component analysis-multivariate linear statistical model were used.Based on inorganic component contents of 100 phreatic water samples and 46 confined groundwater samples,the hydrochemical characteristics and quality status,spatial distribution of over-limit toxicological components,and contribution rate of hydrochemical components were analyzed.The results showed that the chemical components of groundwater were controlled by rock weathering and evaporation concentration.Dissolution-enrichment(F1),original geological environment(F2),and human activities(F3)were the principal factors that influenced groundwater hydrochemistry with the contribution rates of 73.67%,14.45%,and 11.88%,respectively.The major over-limit toxicity indices in groundwater were NO_(3)^(-)-N and F^(-).High NO_(3)^(-)-N phreatic water was mainly influenced by agriculture activities,followed by the discharge of domestic sewage.Enrichment of groundwater F^(-)was mainly caused by leaching of F^(-)bearing minerals and cation exchange adsorption.

关 键 词：地下水 来源解析 硝酸盐 氟化物 成因分析 银川平原 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]