Immunoprophylaxis failure and vaccine response in infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection in Djibouti  

作　　者：Sahal Darar Dirir Ambroise D Ahouidi Aboubacry Drame Warsama Osman Abdi Guelleh Youssouf Kayad Mohamed Houmed Aboubakar Makhtar Camara Coumba Toure Kane Halimatou Diop Ndiaye 

机构地区：[1]Laboratoire Medical de la Caisse National de SécuritéSocial de Djibouti,Caisse National de SécuritéSocial de Djibouti,Djibouti BP 696,Senegal [2]Parasitology,Institut de Recherche en santéde Surveillanceépidémiologique et de Formation,Dakar 7325,Senegal [3]Ecole Doctoral,UniversitéAlioune Diop de Bambey,Dakar 7325,Senegal [4]Department of Des Soins,Caisse National de Securite Social,Djibouti 696,Senegal [5]Centre de Soin,Caisse National de Securite Social,Djibouti 696,Senegal [6]Laboratoire Medical Mer Rouge,Djibouti 99399,Senegal [7]Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aristide le Dantec,Laboratoire Bactériologie-Virologie-Hôpital Aristide le Dantec,Dakar 7325,Senegal [8]Department of Virology,Institut de Recherche en Santéde Surveillanceépidémiologique et de Formation,Dakar 7325,Senegal [9]Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory,Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital,Dakar BP 7325,Senegal

出　　处：《World Journal of Hepatology》2024年第7期1039-1050,共12页世界肝病学杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Supported by the Attestation de Financement de These de Doctorat,Dakar le 28/10/2019.

摘　　要：BACKGROUND In endemic areas,vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)remains a major source of the global reservoir of infected people.Eliminating mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)of HBV is at the heart of World Health Organization’s goal of reducing the incidence of HBV in children to less than 0.1%by 2030.Universal screening for hepatitis B during pregnancy and neonatal vaccination are the main preventive measures.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of HBV vaccination combined with one dose of immunoglobulin in children born to hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)-positive mothers in Djibouti city.METHODS We conducted a study in a prospective cohort of HBsAg-positive pregnant women and their infants.The study ran from January 2021 to May 2022,and infants were followed up to 7 mo of age.HBV serological markers and viral load in pregnant women were measured using aVidas microparticle enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Biomérieux,Paris,France)and the automated Amplix platform(Biosynex,Strasbourg,France).All infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin and were vaccinated against HBV at birth.These infants were closely monitored to assess their seroprotective response and for failure of immunoprophylaxis.Simple logistic regression was also used to identify risk factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure and poor vaccine response.All statistical analyses were performed with version 4.0.1 of the R software.RESULTS Of the 50 pregnant women recruited,the median age was 31 years,ranging from 18 years to 41 years.The MTCT rate in this cohort was 4%(2/50)in HBsAg-positive women and 67%(2/3)in hepatitis B e antigen-positive women with a viral load>200000 IU/mL.Of the 48 infants who did not fail immunoprophylaxis,8(16%)became poor responders(anti-HB<100 mIU/mL)after HBV vaccination and hepatitis B immunoglobulin,while 40(84%)infants achieved a good level of seroprotection(anti-HB>100 mIU/mL).Factors associated with this failure of immunoprophylaxis were maternal HBV DNA levels(>200000 IU/mL)and hepatitis B e antigen-p

关 键 词：Hepatitis B surface antigen INFANTS Hepatitis B immunoglobulin Hepatitis vaccine DJIBOUTI 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]