基于儿童户外活动特征解析的社区活动空间更新建设策略研究  

Research on Renewal and Construction Strategies for Community Spaces Based on the Analysis of Children’s Outdoor Activity Characteristics

作　　者：王霞[1,2] 李可月 贾适夷 徐梦一 WANG Xia;LI Keyue;JIA Shiyi;XU Mengyi(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University;School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University;School of Architecture,Southwest Minzu University)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院 [2]四川大学城镇化战略与建筑研究所 [3]湖南大学建筑与规划学院 [4]西南民族大学建筑学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第8期86-94,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“城市户外儿童游戏空间设计特性与游戏价值研究”(编号51708370);国家自然科学基金项目“气候干湿循环作用与区域泥石流重现准周期的遥联关系研究”(编号42377168)。

摘　　要：【目的】为响应国家“十四五”规划提出的建设儿童友好城市的政策要求,应探索儿童友好的、适宜儿童活动的社区空间环境更新建设策略。【方法】以成都市3个儿童友好型社区试点中的4类活动空间为例,采取社区游憩行为观察系统、核密度估算以及现状调研等方法,采集并分析儿童户外活动情况及社区活动空间环境特征,并建立相关性模型,探究影响儿童户外活动的社区空间环境因子。【结果】发现多个环境因子对儿童活动有显著影响,包括道路平整度、场地规模等,其中看护空间、游戏设施类型、休憩设施、商业设施可达性是影响儿童户外活动密度、时长、活动类型多样性的关键环境因子;据此归纳出促进儿童户外活动的社区空间环境重点建设方向包括:1)合理规划规模较大且毗邻儿童商业的平整场地;2)增设具有吸引力的、完善的配套设施;3)布置合理的看护休憩空间;4)植入新颖多样、互动性强的环境要素。【结论】为建设促进儿童户外活动的社区空间提供了科学依据,有助于在社区中为儿童营造健康友好的成长环境。[Objective]With the construction of child-friendly cities officially written into China’s“14th Five-Year Plan”,as an important part of the implementation of the child-friendly concept,how to create child-friendly spatial environments suitable for children’s activities in communities has become a question that needs to be answered urgently in community planning and construction.Therefore,this research aims to take three pilot child-friendly communities in Chengdu as examples,to explore the practice of community space construction,and to propose strategies for renewing and constructing a community space environment suitable for children’s outdoor activities.[Methods]This research takes the four types of activity spaces of square,green space,facility space,and street space in the three pilot child-friendly communities in Chengdu as research objects.Methods such as the System for observing play and recreation in communities(SOPARC)and the kernel density estimation(KDE)are adopted to investigate the current status of community activity space,and the characteristics of the community space environment and children’s outdoor activities are collected.Based on relevant data and existing research,a total of twelve specific factors are used to quantify the characteristics of the community space environment from the six dimensions of safety,nature,fun,comfort,accessibility,and scale.Three indicators,namely density of children’s activities,average duration of children’s activities,and diversity index of children’s activity types,are used to analyze children’s activities quantitatively,and a correlation analysis model is established to explore the community space environment factors affecting children’s outdoor activities.[Results]By analyzing the correlation between children’s outdoor activities and community space environment factors,it is found that multiple environmental factors have an impact on children’s activities,such as monitoring space,paving surfacing flatness,combination of natural element

关 键 词：儿童友好设计 社区活动空间 儿童户外活动 社区游憩行为观察系统 核密度估算法 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]