长期施用有机肥对土壤有机碳、全氮及腐殖质组分的影响  

Effects of Long-Term Application of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Organic Carbon,Total Nitrogen and Humus Components

作　　者：牛云梦 魏文良 王均艳 崔浩 孙筱璐 徐学磊 刘树堂[1] Niu Yunmeng;Wei Wenliang;Wang Junyan;Cui Hao;Sun Xiaolu;Xu Xuelei;Liu Shutang(College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第7期106-113,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系玉米产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-02-06);山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR2021QC107,ZR2021QC113)。

摘　　要：本研究基于山东莱阳43年长期定位施肥试验,共设置7个处理,分别为不施肥对照(CK)、低量有机肥(M1,施用量30 t/hm^(2))、低量有机肥与低量氮肥(施氮量138 kg/hm^(2))配施(M1N1)、低量有机肥与高量氮肥(施氮量276 kg/hm^(2))配施(M1N2)、高量有机肥(M2,施用量60 t/hm^(2))、高量有机肥与低量氮肥配施(M2N1)和高量有机肥与高量氮肥配施(M2N2),研究长期施用有机肥对土壤有机碳、全氮及腐殖质组分的影响。结果表明,施用有机肥显著提高各土层土壤有机碳和全氮含量,其中M2N2处理的提升效果最好,土壤有机碳、全氮含量较CK分别提高239.02%、293.02%(0~5 cm),256.01%、319.37%(5~10 cm),247.51%、349.00%(10~20 cm)和164.67%、348.88%(20~30 cm)。长期施用有机肥后,土壤水溶性物质、可提取腐殖物质、胡敏素和胡敏酸含量有所提高,但M1N1和M2N1处理显著降低10~20 cm土层土壤富里酸含量。本试验条件下,M2N2处理对提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量及腐殖质组分效果最好。To clarify the effects of long-term application of organic fertilizer on soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and humus components,this study was carried out based on a 43-year long-term positioning fertilization experiment in Laiyang,Shandong Province,with a total of 7 treatments.The treatments were no fertilization(CK),low organic fertilizer(M1,30 t/hm^(2)),low organic fertilizer combined with low nitrogen fertilizer(M1N1,138 kg N per hectare),low organic fertilizer combined with high nitrogen fertilizer(M1N2,276 kg N per hectare),high organic fertilizer(M2,60 t/hm^(2)),high organic fertilizer combined with low nitrogen fertilizer(M2N1)and high organic fertilizer combined with high nitrogen fertilizer(M2N2).The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen(TN)in each soil layer,and M2N2 treatment had the best effect.Compared with CK treatment,the soil organic carbon and TN contents increased by 239.02%and 293.02%(0~5 cm),256.01%and 319.37%(5~10 cm),247.51%and 349.00%(10~20 cm),164.67%and 348.88%(20~30 cm),respectively.After long-term application of organic fertilizer,the contents of water-soluble substances,extractable humus substances,humin and humic acid in soil were increased,but the content of fulvic acid was significantly reduced by M1N1 and M2N1 treatments in 10~20-cm soil layer.Under the experimental conditions,the M2N2 treatment had the best effect on increasing soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and humus components.

关 键 词：长期施用有机肥 土壤有机碳 全氮 腐殖质组分 

分 类 号：S151.93[农业科学—土壤学]