优质多抗恢复系桂恢581的选育与应用及优良等位基因鉴定  

Breeding and application of high-quality,multi-resistant restorer line Guihui 581 and identification of superior alleles

作　　者：李孝琼[1] 齐金岗 陈颖 王小姣 刘开强[1] 李林娟 陈炜坚 韦宇[1] 郭嗣斌[1] LI Xiao-qiong;QI Jin-gang;CHEN Ying;WANG Xiao-jiao;LIU Kai-qiang;LI Lin-juan;CHEN Wei-jian;WEI Yu;GUO Si-bin(Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Bree-ding/A Small Highland for Research Talents of High Quality Rice Breeding in Guangxi,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Agricultural Technique Extension Station of Limu Town,Cenxi City,Wuzhou,Guangxi 543206,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室/广西水稻优质化育种研究人才小高地,广西南宁530007 [2]广西岑溪市梨木镇农业技术推广站,广西梧州543206

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第5期1274-1283,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U20A2031);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2022GXNSFAA035494)。

摘　　要：【目的】选育优质多抗恢复系桂恢581,并对优良等位基因进行鉴定,为利用异源四倍体小粒野生稻优良基因培育优质多抗水稻新品种提供参考。【方法】以IR24为母本,小粒野生稻为父本进行回交、自交,结合分子标记辅助选择及田间稻瘟病和稻飞虱抗性鉴定,从小粒野生稻渗入系中选育优良恢复系,再与华浙2A、丰田A、天丰A和龙丰A等不育系测交配组测定桂恢581的恢复能力。利用五引物扩增受阻突变体系(PARMS)技术检测桂恢581、华浙2A和华浙优581携带的主要病虫害抗性基因和稻米品质基因。【结果】获得371份小粒野生稻渗入系,从中筛选出农艺性状基本整齐一致的材料R981,经加代提纯选育出强优恢复系桂恢581,2018年获植物新品种权(品种权号:CNA20171712.4)。桂恢581的稻飞虱的抗性水平为3.7级,稻瘟病抗性综合指数为5.0,该恢复系所配组合表现株叶型好、结实率高、杂种优势强,其中华浙2A/桂恢581杂交组合因表现适应性强、生育期适中、长势繁茂、后期熟色好、产量高、米质优、抗性强而入选参试品种。2019-2020年华浙优581参加广西桂南稻作区感光晚籼组区域试验和生产试验,2022年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:桂审稻2022149号)。PARMS检测发现,桂恢581携带稻瘟病抗性基因Pi5、Pi54、Pib和Pia,稻米品质优良等位基因GS2、GS3、GS5、GL7、GW5和Chalk5;华浙2A携带稻瘟病抗性基因Pita、Pi54、Pib和Pi46,白叶枯病抗性基因Xa7,稻飞虱抗性基因Bph15,稻米品质基因GS2、GS3、GS5、GL7、GW5、fgr、ALK和Chalk5。【结论】利用小粒野生稻资源成功培育出桂恢581,其丰产性好,适应性广,抗逆性强,携带稻飞虱抗性新基因,可作为优质多抗的恢复系应用于杂交水稻育种中。华浙优581的成功选育不仅丰富了水稻品种的类型,也对我国野生稻资源的开发利用具有借鉴价值。【Objective】The study aimed to breed the high-quality,multi-resistant restorer line Guihui 581,and to identify its superior alleles,in order to provide references for developing new high-quality,multi-resistant rice varieties using the superior genes from the heterologous tetraploid wild rice,Oryza minuta.【Method】Using IR24 as the female parent and O.minuta as the male parent,backcrossing and selfing were performed,combined with marker-assisted selection(MAS)and resistance identification against rice blast disease and rice planthoppers in the field.Superior restorer lines were selected from O.minuta introgression lines,which were then cross-tested with male sterile lines including Huazhe 2A,Fengtian A,Tianfeng A,and Longfeng A to evaluate the restorative capacity of Guihui 581.Additionally,the penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system(PARMS)technology was employed to detect the predominant disease and insect resistance genes and rice quality genes carried by Guihui 581,Huazhe 2A and Huazheyou 581.【Result】A total of 371 introgression lines from O.minuta were obtained,among which the agronomically consistent material R981 was selected.Through further generation advancement and purification,a strong and superior restorer line Guihui 581 was bred.In 2018,Guihui 581 was granted plant new variety right(registration number:CNA20171712.4).Guihui 581 showed a resistance level of 3.7 to rice planthoppers and a comprehensive resistance index of 5.0 to rice blast.The combinations involving the restorer line Guihui 581 presented good plant architecture,high seed setting rate,and strong heterosis.Among them,the Huazhe 2A/Guihui 581 hybrid combination Huazheyou 581 was selected as a test variety due to its strong adaptability,moderate reproductive period,vigorous development,good late ripening color,high yield,fine rice quality,and strong resistance.From 2019 to 2020,Huazheyou 581 participated in the regional trials of photosensitive late indica rice in the rice growing areas of southern Guangxi,and was a

关 键 词：小粒野生稻 恢复系 优质 多抗 优良等位基因 

分 类 号：S511.033[农业科学—作物学]