环境资源案件检察集中管辖的现实困境与优化路径  

The Practical Difficulties and Optimization Path of the Centralized Jurisdiction of Environmental and Resource Cases

作　　者：王明东 秦鹏[1] WANG Ming-dong;QIN Peng

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期35-48,共14页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费科研平台与成果培育专项“国家治理体系与法治发展协调互动机制研究”(2021CDJSKCG06)。

摘　　要：环境资源案件的特殊性对传统地方检察院属地管辖模式的公正和效率构成挑战,催生了跨行政区划检察院集中管辖模式。跨行政区划检察院集中管辖环境资源案件改革探索取得了阶段性成果,但仍面临跨行政区划检察院性质定位不明确、层级结构不完整、设点布局不合理的体制问题,集中管辖环境资源案件的范围不统一、办案机制不适配、机构衔接不顺畅的机制问题,体制、机制创新的组织法、程序法、实体法依据不健全的法制问题。应以理顺管理体制为基础,将跨行政区划检察院定位为新型综合派出检察院,构建三层级的组织体系,因地制宜进行设点布局。以完善运行机制为关键,推进环境资源案件集中管辖机制、归口办理机制、司法协作机制建设。以健全相关法制为保障,明确跨行政区划检察院集中管辖环境资源案件的组织法、诉讼法、生态环境法典依据。The particularity of environmental and resource cases poses a challenge to the fairness and effi-ciency of the traditional local procuratorate's territorial jurisdiction model,giving rise to the centralized juris-diction model of cross-administrative division procuratorates.The reform and exploration of the centralized jurisdiction of environmental and resource cases by cross-administrative division procuratorates has achieved phased results,but it still faces institutional problems such as unclear nature positioning,incomplete hierarchi-cal structure,and unreasonable location layout of cross-administrative division procuratorates,mechanism problems such as inconsistent scope of centralized jurisdiction of environmental and resource cases,inappro-priate case handling mechanism,and unsmooth institutional connection,as well as legal problems such as incomplete organizational law,procedural law,and substantive law basis for system and mechanism innova-tion.Based on the rationalization of the management system,the cross-administrative division procuratorate should be positioned as a new type of comprehensive dispatched procuratorate,a three-level organizational system should be established,and location layout should be carried out according to local conditions.With the improvement of the operating mechanism as the key,the construction of the centralized jurisdiction mechanism,centralized handling mechanism,and judicial cooperation mechanism for environmental and resource cases should be promoted.With the improvement of relevant legal systems as a way of guarantee,the organizational law,procedural law,and ecological environment code are clearly defined for the central-ized jurisdiction of environmental and resource cases by cross-administrative division procuratorates.

关 键 词：环境资源案件 跨行政区划检察院 集中管辖 司法体制改革 环境司法专门化 

分 类 号：D922.605[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]