压力管道工程中有关焊接诸多认知误区和盲区浅析(三)——焊后热处理和硬度检测  

Analysis of Many Misunderstandings and Blind Spots in Welding in Pressure Pipeline Engineering(3)-Post-weld Heat Treatment and Hardness Testing

作　　者：应道宴 汤晓英[2] 尤子涵 余鑫萍 Ying Daoyan;Tang Xiaoying;You Zihan;Yu Xinping(National Technology Center of Process Equipment,Shanghai 200040,China;Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical,Shanghai 200333,China;SINOPEC Shanghai Engineering Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]全国化工设备设计技术中心站,上海200040 [2]上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院,上海200333 [3]中石化上海工程有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《化工设备与管道》2024年第4期100-109,共10页Process Equipment & Piping

摘　　要：铁素体钢的电熔焊过程中,热影响区的冷却速率是导致焊接近缝区组织变化和残余应力的关键因素。焊后热处理具有降低残余应力,形成回火马氏体组织,降低硬度的积极作用,但对现场管道系统的施工而言,增加了管道施工成本。承压设备和管道标准规范中有关PWHT的保温温度和豁免厚度存在较大的分歧,GB/T20801.4—2020对PWHT也作了相应规定。The cooling rate of heat affected zone(HAZ)in the process of electrofusion welding of ferritic steel is the key factor that leads to the change of microstructure and residual stress in the near weld zone.Post-weld heat treatment has a positive effect on reducing residual stress,forming tempered martensite structure and reducing hardness,but for the construction of on-site pipeline system,it increases the cost of pipeline construction.There are great differences in the insulation temperature and exemption thickness of PWHT,the standard specification for pressure equipment and pipelines,GB/T 20801.4—2020 also stipulates the relevant provisions of PWHT.

关 键 词：铁素体钢 残余应力 硬度 淬硬组织 PWHT 豁免条件 保温温度 局部PWHT 硬度检测 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]