基于阻抗匹配的吸声方法  

Sound absorption method based on impedance matching

作　　者：朱从云[1] 张少奇 丁国芳[1] 黄其柏[2] ZHU Congyun;ZHANG Shaoqi;DING Guofang;HUANG Qibai(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China;School of Mechanical Science&Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院机电学院,河南郑州450007 [2]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中原工学院学报》2024年第3期21-24,30,共5页Journal of Zhongyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705545,15A460041)。

摘　　要：对于低中频声波入射,采用主动吸声方法可以获得较好的吸收性能,而对于高频声波入射则不能达到很好的吸收性能,为此,又提出了通过调节吸声材料后扬声器的表面阻抗来改变吸声系数的半主动吸声方法。将可控扬声器置于吸声材料后面,调节其表面阻抗,使其与空气的声阻抗达到最佳匹配,从而实现对吸声性能的有效调控。实验结果表明:半主动吸声方法可以在不断改变入射声波频率情况下对吸声系数进行有效调整,使吸声系数始终处于最大值。For low and intermediate frequency incident sound waves,the active sound absorption method can obtain better absorption performance,but for high frequency incident sound waves,it can not achieve good absorption performance.In order to solve this problem,a semi-active sound absorption method is proposed to change the acoustical absorption coefficient by adjusting the surface impedance of the loudspeaker behind the sound absorption material.First,the controllable loudspeaker is placed behind the sound absorbing material,and its surface impedance is adjusted to make it match the acoustic impedance of air optimally,so as to realize the effective regulation of the sound absorbing performance.The experimental results show that the method can adjust the acoustical absorption coefficient effectively while continuously changing the frequency of incident sound wave,ensuring that acoustical absorption coefficient remains at its maximum value.

关 键 词：声阻抗 半主动吸声 刚性壁 空腔深度 吸声系数 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]