改良剂作用下盐碱土水盐运移试验研究  

Experimental study on water and salt transport in saline soils under the action of amendments

作　　者：蒙旭辉 景何仿[2] MENG Xuhui;JING Hefang(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Civil Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北方民族大学土木学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中原工学院学报》2024年第3期57-65,共9页Journal of Zhongyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11861003);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC02049);北方民族大学创新团队项目(2022PT_S02)。

摘　　要：为研究不同改良剂对滴灌条件下盐碱土中水盐运移的影响,通过室内双点源土柱入渗试验,探究在相同滴头流量(0.3 L/h)不同改良剂条件下,土柱中湿润峰的变化及湿润体内水分和盐分的运移情况。研究结果表明:改良剂的添加对水分的减渗作用明显,尤其是采用施用量为1.0 g/kg的腐殖酸处理的土壤,垂直湿润锋最深到达距地表11 cm处,较不添加改良剂的对照组小了9 cm;改良剂显著增加了湿润体平均体积含水率与脱盐率,与对照组相比,采用施用量为1.0 g/kg的腐殖酸处理的土壤湿润体平均体积含水率提高了28%、脱盐率提高了20%;采用施用量为1.0 g/kg的生物菌处理的土壤平均体积含水量提高了4%、脱盐率提高了15.1%。在相同滴头流量下,虽然经施用量为1.0 g/kg的腐殖酸处理的土壤湿润体平均体积含水量最高、脱盐率最好,但湿润体最小、脱盐范围最小且会产生地表积水,从而造成水分的浪费。综合来看,采用施用量为1.0 g/kg的生物菌改良的土壤比较适合宁夏南梁农场种植油葵、玉米等扎根较深的耐旱作物。In order to study the effects of different amendments on water and salt transport in saline soil under drip irrigation conditions,this study used an indoor infiltration test with dual-point source soil column to investigate the change of the moisture peak in the soil column and the transport of water and salt within the wetting body under the conditions of different amendments with the same drip head flow rate(0.3 L/h).The results of the study showed that the addition of amendments had a significant effect on water infiltration reduction,especially in the soil treated with humic acid at an application rate of 1.0 g/kg,the deepest point that vertical wetting front reached is about 11 cm from the surface,which was 9 cm smaller than that of the control group without amendments.The amendments significantly increased the average volumetric water content and desalination rate of the wetting body.Compared with the control group,the average volumetric water content of soil moisture increased by 28%and the desalination rate increased by 20%when treated with humic acid at a dosage of 1.0 g/kg,while the average volumetric water content of the soil treated with 1.0 g/kg of biological bacteria increased by 4%and desalination rate increased by 15.1%.Under the same drip flow rate,although the average volumetric water content and the desalination rate of the soil wetted body treated with humic acid at 1.0 g/kg was the highest,the wetted body was the smallest,the range of desalination was the smallest,and surface ponding occurred,which resulted in a waste of water.In summary,the soil amended with 1.0 g/kg of biofungus is more suitable for planting oil sunflower,corn and other drought-tolerant crops with deep roots in Nanliang Farm,Ningxia.

关 键 词：盐碱土 双点源入渗 水盐运移 湿润体 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]