登革热疫苗研究进展与挑战  

Progress and challenges in dengue vaccine development

作　　者：孙益明 杨会强[2] 葛永红[2] Sun Yiming;Yang Huiqiang;Ge Yonghong(College of Life Science and Technology,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210000,China;Viral Vaccine Research Laboratory,Chengdu Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院,南京210000 [2]成都生物制品研究所有限责任公司病毒性疫苗研究室,成都610023

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2024年第7期635-640,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：登革热是世界范围内流行最为广泛的虫媒病毒感染性疾病之一,由登革病毒(dengue virus,DENV)感染引起。每年约有3.9亿人感染DENV,其中大约有9600万人会出现临床症状,且每20例患者中就有1例患者可能出现严重的登革热并导致休克、内脏出血和死亡。DENV包括4种血清型(1~4),均可以引起不同程度的疾病。目前,没有特定的针对登革热的治疗药物,只有2种疫苗在一些国家获批使用:CYD-TDV和TAK-003。其中适用于9~45岁人群的疫苗CYD-TDV受到抗体依赖性增强(antibody-dependent enhancement,ADE)效应的影响,可能导致更严重的感染。因此,如何减缓或消除ADE的影响成为当前登革热疫苗研究的一个重要问题。除此之外,DENV非结构蛋白对免疫系统的影响也不可忽视。目前,至少有7种登革热疫苗处于不同的研发和临床试验阶段。本综述将主要介绍3种取得重大进展的候选疫苗,并总结规避ADE效应的方法和以非结构蛋白为免疫原的登革热疫苗研发进展。Dengue fever,caused by of dengue virus(DENV)infection,is one of the most prevalent arboviral infections worldwide.It is estimated that approximately 390 million people are infected with DENV each year,of whom approximately 96 million will develop clinical symptoms and one in every twenty people may develop severe dengue leading to shock,internal bleeding and death.DENV includes four serotypes(1-4),each of which can cause various forms of disease.There is currently no specific treatment for dengue fever,and only two vaccines have been approved for use in some countries:CYD-TDV and TAK-003.CYD-TDV,which is suitable for people aged 9-45,can be affected by antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE),leading to more severe infections.Therefore,how to reduce or eliminate ADE becomes an important issue in current dengue vaccine research.In addition,the effects of DENV non-structural proteins on the immune system cannot be ignored.Currently,at least seven dengue vaccines are in various stages of development and clinical trials.This review will focus on three vaccine candidates that have made significant progress,and summarize the ways to avoid ADE the progress in the development of dengue vaccines using non-structural proteins as immunogens.

关 键 词：登革病毒 登革热疫苗 抗体依赖性增强作用 非结构蛋白 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]