军人心理资本在职业倦怠和军队士气的中介作用研究  

Mediating Effects of Soldier Psychological Capital Between Job Burnout and Military Morale

作　　者：王雯 赵富花 张正华 黄嘉鹏 张罗鹏 WANG Wen;ZHAO Fuhua;ZHANG Zhenghua;HUANG Jiapeng;ZHANG Luopeng(Department of internal Medicine,NO.95861 Unit of Military Support Hospital,Jiuquan Gansu 735018,China)

机构地区：[1]95861部队保障部医院内科,甘肃酒泉735018 [2]95861部队保障部医院卫勤战救处,甘肃酒泉735018 [3]95861部队保障部医院综合保障大队,甘肃酒泉735018

出　　处：《联勤军事医学》2024年第6期511-515,共5页Military Medicine of Joint Logistics

摘　　要：目的 研究军人心理资本在军人职业倦怠和军队士气的中介作用,探索提升军队士气的方法,为提高军队战斗力提供参考。方法 对西北某部军人采用整群抽样的方法,进行问卷调查,包括社会人口学资料、心理资本量表(psychological capital questionnaire, PCQ)、军人职业倦怠量表(military burnout scale, MJBS)及军队士气量表,共发放问卷400份,回收有效问卷394份。应用SPSS 23.0软件对所得数据进行描述性统计分析、Pearson相关性分析及方差分析,采用逐步回归分析检验PCQ对军人MJBS及军队士气量表评分的中介效应,并用Bootstrap法进行验证。结果 军人PCQ、MJBS及军队士气量表评分的人口学资料的单因素分析结果显示,军人PCQ评分在不同性别、民族及学历间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),军队士气量表评分在不同人员类别、是否独生子女及学历间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。军人MJBS评分在各人口学资料间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。MJBS与军队士气量表评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.354,P<0.01),与PCQ呈显著负相关(r=-0.159,P<0.01);PCQ与军队士气量表评分呈显著正相关(r=0.514,P<0.01),并且在军人MJBS与军队士气量表评分间起部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的21.02%(-0.115/-0.547)。结论 军人职业倦怠不仅直接影响军队士气,而且通过心理资本影响军队士气,良好的心理资本可以减少军人职业倦怠的产生,有助于提升军队士气。Objective To explore the mediating effects of soldier psychological capital between job burnout and military morale,so as to improve the morale of the troops,and provide reference for improving the combat effectiveness of the army.Methods Soldiers from a northwest troop were selected by cluster sampling,questionnaires including socio-demographic data,psychological capital questionnaire(PCQ),military burnout scale(MJBS)and army morale scale were surveyed on them,a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and 394 valid questionnaires were finally collected.SPSS 23.0 software was used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis,Pearson correlation analysis and analysis of variance of the obtained data.The mediating effects of PCQ on MJBS and military morale scale were examined by stepwise regression analysis,and Bootstrap method was used for verification.Results The univariate analysis of the demographic data of military PCQ,MJBS and military morale scale scores showed that,there were significant differences in military PCQ among sex,nationalities and educational levels(all P<0.05),the difference among military morale scale scores in different category,whether the only child and education background were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the MJBS scores among different demographic data(all P>0.05).MJBS was negatively correlated with military morale scale scores(r=-0.354,P<0.01)and PCQ(r=-0.159,P<0.01);PCQ was positive correlated with the military morale scale scores(r=0.514,P<0.01),and PCQ played a partial mediating effect between military MJBS and military morale scale score,and the mediating effect accounted for 21.02%of the total effect(-0.115/-0.547).Conclusion Military burnout can not only affect military morale directly,but also affect the military morale through the intermediary of psychological capital.Good psychological capital can reduce the burnout of soldiers,thus improving the morale of the army.

关 键 词：心理资本量表 军人职业倦怠量表 军队士气量表 中介作用 战斗力 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]