不同机种飞行员持续性注意力相关脑功能激活程度与运动心肺功能差异及机制研究  

Study on the Difference and Mechanism of Sustained Attention Related Brain Function Activation and Exercise Cardiopulmo-nary Function in Pilots of Different Aircraft Types

作　　者：白博 朱元强 吴相波 孟斌 王立栋 胡伶 薛白洁 何霞 袁华 孙晓龙 BAI Bo;ZHU Yuanqiang;WU Xiangbo;MENG Bin;WANG Lidong;HU Ling;XUE Baijie;HE Xia;YUAN Hua;SUN Xiaolong(Department of the 7th Sanatorum,linong Rehabilitation and Recu peration Center of joint Lo-gistic Support Force,Xi'an Shanxi 710600,China)

机构地区：[1]联勤保障部队临潼康复疗养中心疗养七科,陕西西安710600 [2]联勤保障部队临潼康复疗养中心康复训练科,陕西西安710600 [3]空军军医大学第一附属医院放射科 [4]空军军医大学第一附属医院康复医学科

出　　处：《联勤军事医学》2024年第6期516-520,共5页Military Medicine of Joint Logistics

基　　金：军事医学与航空医学重大问题科技攻关项目(2022ZZXM006)。

摘　　要：目的 研究不同机种飞行员及普通人群持续性注意力相关激活脑区定位和运动心肺功能的差异及相关性。方法 纳入14名现役飞行员(歼击机飞行员8名,运输机飞行员6名)和9名普通人群为研究对象,在执行精神运动警觉性任务(psychomotor vigilance task, PVT)过程中利用血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像(blood oxygen level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging, BOLD-fMRI)技术进行任务相关激活脑区定位,通过心肺运动试验(cardiopulmonary exercise testing, CPET)评估运动心肺功能,对脑功能激活程度与运动心肺功能进行相关性分析。结果 在执行PVT过程中BOLD-fMRI结果显示,飞行员右侧额下回血氧激活程度显著高于普通人群(P<0.001),其中歼击机飞行员右侧额下回的激活程度显著高于运输机飞行员(P=0.009)。飞行员无氧阈(anaerobic threshold, AT)、相对无氧阈及最大氧脉搏水平均明显高于普通人群(P<0.05),其中运输机飞行员的AT值显著高于歼击机飞行员(P=0.023)。飞行员右侧额下回的脑功能激活程度与AT值呈显著负相关(r=-0.31,P=0.02)。结论 右侧额下回可能是飞行员持续注意力的关键脑区,右侧额下回脑功能激活与AT值呈负相关。Objective To study the differences and correlations in the localization of sustained attention related acti-vation brain regions and exercise cardiopulmonary function among pilots of different aircraft types and the general popula-tion.Methods A total of 14 active-duty pilots(8 fighter pilots and 6 transport pilots)and 9 general population were in-cluded in the study.During the psychomotor vigilance task(PVT),blood oxygen level dependent-functional magnetic res-onance imaging(BOLD-fMRI)technology was used to locate task related activated brain regions,and exercise cardiopul-monary function was evaluated by cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET),the correlation between brain function acti-vation and exercise cardiopulmonary function were analyzed.Results The results of BOLD-fMRI during PVT showed that the degree of oxygen activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus of pilots was significantly higher than that of the general population(P<0.001),the activation level of the right inferior frontal gyrus in fighter pilots was significantly higher than that in transport pilots(P=0.009).The anaerobic threshold(AT),relative anaerobic threshold and maxi-mum oxygen pulse level of pilots were significantly higher than those of the general population(P<0.05),the AT of transport pilots was significantly higher than that of fighter pilots(P=0.023).The degree of brain function activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus of pilots was significantly negatively correlated with AT values(r=-0.31,P=0.02).Conclusion The right inferior frontal gyrus may be a key brain area for sustained attention in pilots,and the activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus is negatively correlated with AT values.

关 键 词：飞行员 持续注意力 磁共振成像 运动心肺功能 

分 类 号：R851[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]