锂离子电池用硅基负极硅源材料及其制备研究进展  

Recent progress on silicon source materials and the related preparation process of silicon-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：龚俊 宋鹏 刘星汉 唐延洪 谭凯文 李业军 GONG Jun;SONG Peng;LIU Xinghan;TANG Yanhong;TAN Kaiwen;LI Yejun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Hunan CHMM-Sunward New Material CO.,LTD.,Changsha 410119,China;School of Physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学机电工程学院,湘潭411201 [2]湖南博邦山河新材料有限公司,长沙410119 [3]中南大学物理学院,长沙410083 [4]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第7期3503-3514,共12页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：近年来,新能源汽车的飞速发展对电池的性能提出了更高要求,而传统石墨类负极材料的比容量较低,难以满足发展的需求。硅具有极高的理论比容量,作为负极材料能有效提高电池性能,具有巨大的发展潜力,而制备硅基负极的硅源材料、硅颗粒的形貌尺寸及其加工制备工艺对硅基负极性能有着重要影响。本文综述了硅基负极材料的最新研究进展,重点关注硅源材料的选择、硅纳米化工艺、硅基负极材料的制备等,提出了不同硅源和对应制备工艺在硅基负极材料制备过程中存在的问题和挑战,为锂离子硅基负极的发展提供重要的参考。With the rapid development of new energy vehicles,the traditional graphite carbon-based anodes can no longer meet the increasing demand for high performance lithium-ion battery,especially in terms of capacity.Silicon,boasting an exceptionally high theoretical capacity,serves as a promising anode material capable of significantly enhancing battery performance,showcasing tremendous development potential,where the silicon source materials,the morphology and size of the silicon particles,and the fabrication process play dominant roles on the performance of silicon-based anodes.The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent research progresses on the silicon-based anode materials,with a specific emphasis on the selection of silicon source materials,silicon nanostructuring technologies,and the preparation processes.Moreover,it accentuates the challenges and existing problems associated with the different silicon sources as well as the related preparation processes for the silicon-based anode materials,which will eventually provide deep insights for the advancement of silicon-based anodes in lithium-ion battery.

关 键 词：硅 负极材料 纳米化工艺 锂离子电池 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]