梭伦小剥管孔菌生物学特性和驯化栽培  

Biological characteristics and domestication of Piptoporellus soloniensis(Piptoporellaceae,Basidiomycota)

作　　者：戴丹 王振[1] 胡佳 戴建成 彭新红 孙鹏 陈绪涛 王志伟 魏云辉 李玉[2] DAI Dan;WANG Zhen;HU Jia;DAI Jiancheng;PENG Xinhong;SUN Peng;CHEN Xutao;WANG Zhiwei;WEI Yunhui;LI Yu(Institute of Agricultural Applied Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China;Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第7期79-89,共11页Mycosystema

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划重点项目(20212BBF61002);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXBSJJ202212);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-20);吉安市科技计划项目(20211-055381)。

摘　　要：对采自江西武功山的一份多孔菌子实体进行菌株分离与纯化获得其纯培养菌株,通过子实体形态特征结合ITS序列分析,鉴定为梭伦小剥管孔菌Piptoporellus soloniensis。以此菌株为试验材料从碳源、氮源、pH和温度4个方面进行单因素生物学特性研究,结果表明在试验范围内该菌株的最适碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和酵母浸粉,pH为4.0,最适生长温度为30℃。在单因素试验的基础上选出3个较优水平进行正交试验。结果表明,该菌株在以葡萄糖为碳源、酵母浸粉为氮源、pH为4.0以及温度为30℃的条件下菌丝生长最佳。4个因素对梭伦小剥管孔菌菌丝生长的影响程度为:温度>pH>碳源>氮源。生物学特性研究表明梭伦小剥管孔菌为中高温型喜酸性菌株。栽培配方为细木屑35%、莲子壳35%、麦麸20%、玉米粉7%、石灰和石膏各1.5%,含水量55%-60%;在23-26℃黑暗培养条件下菌丝满袋需要47-54 d,平均生长速率为1.85-2.13 mm/d;在温度23-26℃的散射光条件下,30-35 d可见菌丝聚集;温度18-20℃、相对湿度80%-90%条件下,20 d左右子实体成熟。A wild polypore strain isolated and purified from a basidioma collected in Wugong Mountain,Jiangxi Province was identified as Piptoporellus soloniensis based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence.Biological characteristics and domestication of P.soloniensis were studied.Four single-factor tests indicated that the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were glucose and yeast extract powder repectively under the optimal pH of 4.0 and the optimal culture temperature of 30℃.The orthogonal test further verified the results of the single factor tests.The influence levels of the four factors on the mycelial growth of P.soloniensis were ranked as temperature>pH>carbon source>nitrogen source.The cultivation spawn formula for P.soloniensis was 35% fine sawdust,35% lotus seed hulls,20% wheat bran,7% corn flour,1.5% gypsum and 1.5% quicklime.Under the optimal conditions,the mycelial growth rate reached 1.85-2.13 mm/d.Mycelia were sackful in 47-54 d at 23-26℃in dark,and the mycelia aggregated to form initial basidiomata(primordia)in 30-35 d under the temperature of 23-26℃ and scattered light conditions.Fruiting body ultimately matured after another 20 d under the temperature of 18-20℃ and relative air humidity of 80%-90%.

关 键 词：单因素试验 正交试验 生长条件 菌丝生长速率 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]