砂轮磨损检测技术研究:现状和展望  

Research on grinding wheel wear measurement methods:Current status and future perspectives

作　　者：李干 鲍岩 王中旺 康仁科[1] 董志刚 LI Gan;BAO Yan;WANG ZhongWang;KANG RenKe;DONG ZhiGang(State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,高性能精密制造全国重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2024年第7期1263-1287,共25页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2019YFA0708902,2022YFB3402300);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:52325506,52275411);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(编号:DUT22LAB501)资助。

摘　　要：砂轮磨损检测技术是保证磨削精度和工件质量的重要技术之一,砂轮的形状精度和磨粒状态直接决定了工件的磨削精度和加工效率.砂轮磨损测量结果也是对砂轮进行修整、更换和对磨削轨迹进行补偿的重要依据,掌握砂轮磨损检测技术对提高磨削加工的稳定性与经济性十分重要.目前砂轮磨损检测技术研究结果尚不完善,难以为磨削加工中砂轮磨损的检测和补偿提供强有力的理论支撑,严重制约了砂轮磨损检测技术在磨削加工中的应用.针对砂轮磨损检测技术的研究需求,本文对国内外现有的砂轮磨损检测技术进行了综述,系统总结了砂轮磨损离线非接触式测量技术、离线接触式测量技术、在线在机测量技术和砂轮磨损的机外测量技术等研究现状,重点介绍了各种检测技术的测量原理和目前存在的技术难题.同时,提出了解决上述问题的可能性对策,并探讨了未来砂轮磨损检测技术的发展趋势和研究重点.The detection of grinding wheel wear is an important technology for maintaining the accuracy of grinding operations and the quality of the workpiece.The shape accuracy and condition of the abrasive grains have a direct influence on the grinding efficiency and machining precision of the workpiece.Measuring the outcomes of grinding wheel wear is essential for tasks such as dressing,replacement of grinding wheels,and compensating for grinding trajectory.Mastering grinding wheel wear detection technology is paramount for enhancing the stability and cost-effectiveness of the grinding process.However,the current state of research on wheel wear detection technology is not yet ideal,significantly impeding its practical application in grinding processes.This paper reviews the existing progress in grinding wheel wear measurement technology,addressing the research needs of wheel wear detection technology.This paper systematically summarizes the current research status of offline noncontact measurement technology,offline contact measurement technology,online noncontact measurement technology,and online indirect measurement technology.The paper focuses on the measurement principles and technical challenges associated with various detection technologies.Moreover,the paper proposes potential solutions to solve the challenges mentioned above and discusses the future development trend and research priorities of grinding wheel wear detection technology.

关 键 词：砂轮磨损 磨损检测技术 磨削状态监测 轮廓检测 

分 类 号：TG743[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]