根区调控在设施土壤重金属污染阻控中的应用  

Application of Root Zone Regulation in the Deterrence and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution in Facility Soil

作　　者：王子豪 张冬寒 梁红怡 蒲明君 王钰凯 陈清[1] WANG Zi-hao;ZHANG Dong-han;LIANG Hong-yi(China Agriculture University Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil Pollution Prevention,Control and Remediation/School of Resources and Environment,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室/资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第15期13-17,21,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-23-B15)。

摘　　要：在长期高强度利用下,我国设施土壤重金属污染问题突出,迫切需要研发并应用绿色、高效、经济的修复技术。作为土壤改良的重要手段,水肥调控、气肥调控、改良剂调控和根域微环境调控四类根区调控技术可以有效降低土壤中重金属浓度和有效性,减轻作物对重金属等有害物质的吸收,并促进其在土壤中的转化和固定,从而降低重金属对生态环境和人类健康的危害。其中,改良剂调控技术因其高效、经济、易操作、种类多、设备条件要求低等特点得到了广泛关注与应用。为更好发展和应用根区调控技术,展望了该类技术的发展方向,建议要以根区调控技术与受污染设施土壤-作物之间的互作效应关系为核心,围绕不同根区调控技术的应用效果建立长效性研究模型、重视设施土壤功能性微生物研究以及推广水肥一体化技术等,最终建立设施土壤重金属污染阻控的最佳方案。Under prolonged high-intensity utilization,the issue of heavy metal pollution in China’s facility soil has become pronounced,necessitating the urgent development and deployment of eco-friendly,efficient,and cost-effective remediation technologies.As pivotal strategies for soil improvement,four categories of root zone regulation techniques—encompassing water and fertilizer management,gas and nutrient enrichment,amendment application,and microenvironment modulation—can significantly diminish heavy metal concentrations and bioavailability in facility soil,mitigate crop uptake of these contaminants,and foster their transformation and stabilization within the soil matrix,thereby mitigating the risks posed to ecological systems and human health.Notably,amendment-based technologies have garnered considerable attention and adoption due to their efficiency,cost-effectiveness,ease of application,diversity,and minimal equipment requirements.To further advance and optimize the application of root zone regulation technologies in facility soil,this paper outlines a research trajectory centered on the intricate interactions between these technologies and polluted facility soil-crop systems.It advocates for the establishment of long-term research frameworks to evaluate the efficacy of various root zone regulation approaches,with a particular emphasis on investigating the functional microbial communities within facility soil.Additionally,it underscores the importance of enhancing the integration of water and fertilizer management practices to systematically explore and devise the most effective strategies for mitigating heavy metal contamination in facility soil,thereby ensuring sustainable agriculture and safeguarding public health.

关 键 词：设施土壤 根区调控 重金属 水肥调控 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]