基于GIS的都匀市土地利用与景观格局变化及其驱动力研究  

Research on Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes and Their Driving Forces in Duyun City Based on GIS

作　　者：潘明伟 王小霞 王发艳 PAN Ming-wei;WANG Xiao-xia;WANG Fa-yan(Duyun Natural Resources Bureau,Duyun,Guizhou 558000;Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun,Guizhou 558000)

机构地区：[1]都匀市自然资源局,贵州都匀558000 [2]黔南民族师范学院,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第15期67-70,75,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黔南州科技计划项目(2019XK02ST)。

摘　　要：为探究都匀市土地利用与景观格局变化特征及驱动力机制,以都匀市2010年和2020年2期遥感影像作为数据源,经目视解译和精度验证形成2期土地利用数据进行分析,最后利用地理探测器对其驱动力因素进行探讨。结果表明:研究区土地类型以林地为主,耕地、草地、建设用地次之;研究期间耕地、草地、未利用地面积减少,林地、园地、建设用地、水域面积增加。土地利用变化动态度绝对值园地>未利用地>建设用地>草地>水域>耕地>林地。其中园地、建设用地增长幅度较大;由于受基数面积较大影响,耕地和林地的动态度变化不明显。在景观格局上,景观破碎化程度有所增加。香农多样性指数(SHDI)和香农均匀度指数(SHEI)呈现小幅度下降,表明不同景观类型多样性程度有所下降。2010年土地利用与景观格局受高程因子影响较大,随着社会经济的发展,2020年夜间灯光和人口等社会经济因子占主导地位,人类活动影响度增强,自然因素影响度相对减弱。In order to explore the characteristics and driving mechanisms of land use and landscape pattern changes in Duyun City,two remote sensing images of Duyun City in 2010 and 2020 were used as data sources.After visual interpretation and accuracy verification,two land use data were formed for analysis.Finally,the driving factors were explored using geographic detectors.The results show that the land type in the study area is mainly forest land,followed by cultivated land,grassland,and construction land;during the research period,the area of cultivated land,grassland,and unused land decreased,while the area of forest land,gardens,construction land,and water increased.The absolute value of land use change dynamics is garden land>unused land>construction land>grassland>water area>cultivated land>forest land.Among them,the growth rate of garden and construction land is relatively large;due to the large base area,the dynamic changes of cultivated land and forest land are not significant.In terms of landscape pattern,the degree of landscape fragmentation has increased.The Shannon Diversity Index(SHDI)and Shannon Uniformity Index(SHEI)showed a slight decrease,indicating a decrease in the degree of diversity among different landscape types.In 2010,land use and landscape patterns were greatly influenced by elevation factors.With the development of the social economy,social and economic factors such as nighttime lighting and population dominated in 2020,and the impact of human activities increased,while the impact of natural factors relatively weakened.

关 键 词：GIS 土地利用与景观格局变化特征 驱动力 地理探测器 都匀市 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]