不同剪梢程度对农桑14号春季经济性状及产叶量构成的影响  

The Influence of Different Pruning Degrees on the Economic Characteristics and Leaf Yield Composition of Nongsang 14 in Spring

作　　者：韩世玉[1] 余文中 邢丹[1] 何静 韩陈敏 HAN Shi-yu;YU Wen-zhong;XING Dan(Sericulture Research Institute of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550009)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院蚕业研究所,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第15期121-124,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-18-SYZ20)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析不同剪梢程度对农桑14号春季经济性状和桑叶产量及其构成的影响,为农桑14号的春季剪梢提供技术参考。[方法]对桑树枝条进行1/4、1/3、1/2剪梢处理,调查不同处理的发育历期、止芯芽性状、生长芽性状、枝条长度及桑叶产量表现。[结果]在发育时间上,剪梢1/4、1/3与剪梢1/2的处理从膨芽期到雀口期,发育历期呈增大趋势;在开叶阶段,发育历期呈缩短趋势;到桑叶成熟期,发育历期呈增大趋势。在桑叶产量及其构成上,剪梢1/4处理平均产量2.413 kg/株,其中生长芽叶重2.068 kg/株,占85.70%,止芯芽叶重0.345 kg/株,占14.30%;剪梢1/3处理平均产量3.042 kg/株,其中生长芽叶重2.612 kg/株,占85.86%,止芯芽叶重0.345 kg/株,占11.34%;剪梢1/2处理平均产量2.172 kg/株,其中生长芽叶重1.875 kg/株,占86.33%,止芯芽叶重0.297 kg/株,占13.67%。[结论]采用1/4或1/3剪梢处理,大蚕用叶可提前到4月28日,且桑叶产量高于1/2剪梢处理,对全年多批次养蚕的时间调控和桑叶保障更加有利。[Objective]To analyze the effects of different pruning degrees on the spring economic traits,mulberry leaf yield and composition of Nongsang 14,and provide technical references for spring pruning of Nongsang 14.[Method]Mulberry branches were subjected to 1/4,1/3,and 1/2 pruning treatments to investigate the developmental period,stop core bud traits,growth bud traits,branch length,and mulberry leaf yield performance of different treatments.[Result]In terms of developmental time,the treatments of 1/4,1/3,and 1/2 pruning showed an increasing trend in the developmental period from the sprouting stage to the sparrow mouth stage;during the leaf opening stage,the developmental duration shows a decreasing trend;at the mature stage of mulberry leaves,the development period shows an increasing trend.In terms of mulberry leaf yield and composition,the average yield of the 1/4 pruning treatment was 2.413 kg/plant,with a weight of 2.068 kg/plant for growing buds and leaves,accounting for 85.70%,and 0.345 kg/plant for stopping core buds and leaves,accounting for 14.30%;the average yield of the 1/3 pruning treatment is 3.042 kg/plant,of which the weight of growing buds and leaves is 2.612 kg/plant,accounting for 85.86%,and the weight of stop core buds and leaves is 0.345 kg/plant,accounting for 11.34%;the average yield of the 1/2 pruning treatment is 2.172 kg/plant,of which the weight of growing buds and leaves is 1.875 kg/plant,accounting for 86.33%,and the weight of stopping core buds and leaves is 0.297 kg/plant,accounting for 13.67%.[Conclusion]By using 1/4 or 1/3 pruning treatment,the use of large silkworm leaves can be advanced to April 28th,and the yield of mulberry leaves is higher than that of 1/2 pruning treatment,which is more beneficial for the time regulation of multiple batches of silkworm breeding throughout the year and the guarantee of mulberry leaves.

关 键 词：农桑14号 剪梢程度 春季 经济性状 桑叶产量 

分 类 号：S888.4[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]