三角梅种质资源表型性状多样性评价  

Evaluation of Phenotypic Character Diversity of Bougainvillea spectabilis Germplasm Resources

作　　者：杜学林 温志 傅小霞 张丽华 林鸿伟 刘国锋 DU Xue-lin;WEN Zhi;FU Xiao-xia(Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510405;The National Forest Germplasm Bank of Bougainvillea and Bombax ceiba L.,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510405)

机构地区：[1]广州市林业和园林科学研究院,广东广州510405 [2]广东省广州市簕杜鹃、木棉国家林木种质资源库,广东广州510405

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第15期133-139,145,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广州市科创委重点项目“广州城市桥梁绿化植物新品种选育及栽培应用技术研究”(202002020027)。

摘　　要：[目的]综合评价65份三角梅种质。[方法]选取叶片主色、苞片颜色、叶片形状、苞片形状等31个表型性状指标作为评价内容,通过表型性状多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法对其进行综合评价。[结果]65个三角梅种质的表型多样性丰富,变异系数为19.93~51.47,变异最大的是刺长度,最小的是叶长;表型多样性指数H变化范围在0.14~4.02,H>1的质量性状有幼枝色泽、叶形、叶片主色等;65份三角梅种质各性状指标之间存在显著或极显著相关性;主成分分析可将31个表型性状指标简化为10个主成分,其累计方差贡献率达到73.680%;聚类分析将65份三角梅种质分为三大类群,第Ⅰ类包括重苞黄、怡锦、重苞红;第Ⅱ类为苞叶异形品种玛苏丽公主;第Ⅲ类则包含其余61个品种。[结论]三角梅表型性状评价受多个性状指标影响,其中苞片类型、有无真花、节间长度、叶片大小、花被管长度等指标是影响其品种分类和评价的主要因子。[Objective]To comprehensively evaluate 65 varieties of Bougainvillea spectabilis.[Method]This study selected 31 morphological traits including leaf color,bract color,leaf shape,and bract shape as evaluation criteria.Comprehensive evaluations were conducted using methods such as phenotypic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.[Result]The results showed that the phenotypic diversity of the 65 Bougainvillea spectabilis varieties was abundant.The coefficient of variation ranged from 19.93 to 51.47,with thorn length showing the highest variation and leaf length showing the lowest variation.The phenotypic diversity index H ranged from 0.14 to 4.02,with quality traits such as twig color,leaf shape,and leaf color having H values greater than 1;significant or highly significant correlations were found among various trait indices of the 65 Bougainvillea spectabilis varieties;principal component analysis reduced the 31 phenotypic trait indices to 10 principal components,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 73.680%;cluster analysis divided the 65 Bougainvillea spectabilis varieties into three major groups.GroupⅠincluded Bougainvillea×buttiana‘Aussie Gold’,Bougainvillea×buttiana‘Cherry Blossom’,and Bougainvillea×buttiana‘Mahara’.GroupⅡconsisted of the bract-leaf variant variety Bougainvillea spectabilis‘Mahsuri Puteri’.GroupⅢincluded the remaining 61 varieties.[Conclusion]It can be observed that the evaluation of Bougainvillea spectabilis phenotypic traits is influenced by multiple trait indices,among which bract type,presence of true flowers,internode length,leaf size,and corolla tube length are the main factors influencing variety classification and evaluation.

关 键 词：三角梅 表型性状 相关性分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]