老化制度和荷电状态对混合型超级电容器的自放电影响  

Impact of Aging Regime and State of Charge on Self-Discharge of Hybrid Supercapacitors

作　　者：黄廷立 梁鹏程 吴明霞 Huang Tingli;Liang Pengcheng;Wu Mingxia(Shanghai Aowei Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海奥威科技开发有限公司,上海201203

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第9期38-43,共6页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：混合型超级电容器(HSCs)正极采用活性炭和锂金属氧化物作为活性材料构建复合电极,在一个电解池中同时实现锂离子储能和双电层储能,负极采用高倍率碳材料,系统中一般采用多个单体进行串并联提高电压和能量,单体自放电一致性越高,系统的寿命及安全性越好,因此对其自放电和K值的影响因素进行研究具有重要意义。本文发现,不同的老化制度对混合型超级电容器的自放电和K值影响不一样,老化温度越高,越有利于K值的稳定,但是对自放电数值的影响不大;老化时间越长,K值越小,高温老化后72 h和96h的K值几乎一样,考虑到节能,采用72h的老化时间就可以有效筛选单体;老化电压对自放电和K值有较大的影响,老化电压越低,自放电越差,K值越大,老化电压越高,越有利于单体的自放电和K值的稳定性;不同SOC状态对自放电和K值的影响也较大,在3.0 V及以下的SOC状态下进行自放电测试时,在搁置过程中电压会略有所上升,K值为负数,当电压为3.0 V以上时,随着搁置时间的加长,电压缓慢下降,采用3.8 V搁置条件下K值在48 h后稳定在0.2 mV·h^(-1)左右。This study focuses on investigating the factors affecting the self-discharge and K-value of hybrid supercapacitors(HSCs)with activated carbon and lithium metal oxide as positive electrode materials and high-rate carbon material as the negative electrode material.By simultaneously enabling lithium-ion storage and double-layer energy storage in an electrolyte cell,HSCs utilize multiple monomers connected in series and parallel to enhance voltage and energy.The aim of this research is to explore the impact of different aging regimes,including aging temperature,time,and voltage,as well as the state of charge(SOC),on the self-discharge and K-value of HSCs.The findings reveal that higher aging temperatures contribute to improved K-value stability,while having minimal influence on self-discharge.Longer aging times result in smaller K-values,and a 72-hour aging time is suggested for effective monomer selection considering energy efficiency.Aging voltage significantly affects self-discharge and K-value,with lower aging voltages leading to poorer self-discharge but higher K-values,and higher aging voltages promoting self-discharge and K-value stability.Moreover,different SOC levels also have a significant impact,with a slight increase in voltage during standby at SOC levels below 3.0 V and negative K-values.However,when the voltage exceeds 3.0 V,the voltage gradually decreases with longer standby time,stabilizing at approximately 0.2 mV·h^(-1) after 48 hours of standby under 3.8V conditioning.

关 键 词：混合型超级电容器 比能量 自放电 K值 老化 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]