论解释性行政规则的司法审查  

Judicial Review of Interpretive Rules

作　　者：牛佳蕊 Niu Jia-rui(Law school of Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学法学院,天津300387

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2024年第4期112-123,共12页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基　　金：2023年天津市哲学社会科学规划项目青年课题“功能视角下解释性行政规定的规范化研究”(项目编号:TJFXQN23-004)

摘　　要：解释性行政规则是蕴含大量行政专业性判断的行政规范性文件,它往往决定了法律规范的实际含义,产生着相较于法律规范更为直接的效力,存在侵害行政相对人合法权益的法律风险,引发了诸多司法争议。为了实现有效的司法监督,其一,可引入“立法机关授权意图标准”,首先对行政机关的“制定权限”进行判断;其二,完善当前形式合法性审查标准,调整“超越职权”“抵触上位法”“权利义务”等标准的具体适用,酌情审查“专家参与”和“公众参与”等程序;其三,构建合理性审查标准体系,这包括“行政机关是否准备了替代解释”“新旧解释性行政规则是否一致”“解释是否符合立法目的”“解释性行政规则是否具有行政专业性”等审查标准。Interpretive rules are administrative normative documents that contain a large amourt of pro-fessinal administrative judgments.Interpretive rules influence the actual meaning of legal and have a more direct impact on the public compared to legal.It may or have already caused adverse effects on the rights and interests of public.In order to set effective judicial supervision of interpretive rules,firstly,the"au-thorization intention of congress"should be the first standard;Secondly,it is necessary to improve the cur-rent standards,contain that build the"conflieting upper law"standard,"rights and obligations"standard,"expert participation and"public participation"procedures standards;Thirdly,a rationality review standard system should be established,which includes review standards such as"whether administrative a-gencies have prepared alternative interpretations","whether new and old interpretive rules are consistent","whether interpretations comply with legislative purposes",and"whether interpretive rules are administra-tive professionalism or not"。

关 键 词：解释性行政规则 行政专业性 形式合法性 实质合法性 司法审查 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D926[政治法律—法学]