氮磷石墨烯的制备及在聚合物中的应用进展  

Progress in Preparation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doped Graphene and the Application in Polymer

作　　者：李玉峰[1,2] 刘丽爽 赵阳 冯峰 肖添远 景峰 LI Yufeng;LIU Lishuang;ZHAO Yang;FENG Feng;XIAO Tianyuan;JING Feng(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China;College of Light Industry and Textile,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学,化学与化学工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔大学,轻工与纺织学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《塑料》2024年第4期50-54,110,共6页Plastics

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(135509128)。

摘　　要：近年来,石墨烯由于具有稳定性好、比表面积大、载流子迁移率高等较好的性能而备受关注。杂原子掺杂可以调整石墨烯的结构,提高其性能。其中,氮原子(N)掺杂可以诱导碳原子产生带正电荷的位点,提高石墨烯的电导率;磷原子(P)掺杂能够使石墨烯片层高度扭曲褶皱,有效地增大石墨烯的比表面积。将氮掺杂石墨烯(NGO)或磷掺杂石墨烯(PGO)引入到聚合物中,能有效地提高聚合物的综合性能,拓宽聚合物的应用领域。综述了制备NGO和PGO的主要方法,分析比较了各种制备方法的特点及缺陷;总结了其聚合物复合材料在传感器、电池和电容器、阻燃、防腐蚀及分离膜等领域的应用现状;阐述了其在提升聚合物导电性、催化活性、热稳定性、力学性能及防腐蚀性能等方面的研究进展。In recent years,graphene has attracted much attention due to its fascinating properties such as excellent stability,large specific surface area and fast charged carrier mobility.Heteroatom doping can tailor the structure of graphene and further improve its properties.Among them,nitrogen(N)doping can induce the charged distribution of carbon to generate positively charged sites,thereby helping to increase the electrical conductivity of graphene;Phosphorus(P)doping will result graphene sheets in a highly twisted and wrinkled morphology with many open edge sites,which can increase the effective specific surface area of the material.The introduction of nitrogen⁃doped graphene(NGO)or phosphorus⁃doped graphene(PGO)into polymers can effectively improving comprehensive performance of polymers and broadening the application fields of polymers.The main preparation methods of NGO and PGO are reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods are analysed and compared.Applications status of its polymer composites in sensors,batteries and capacitors,flame retardants,anti⁃corrosion,and separation membranes are summarized.The research progress of NGO and PGO in improving the electrical conductivity,catalytic activity,thermal stability,mechanical properties and anti⁃corrosion of polymers are reviewed.

关 键 词：氮掺杂 磷掺杂 石墨烯 聚合物 进展 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]