高水压高应力岩石声波时域传播特性试验研究  

Experimental study on acoustic time domain propagation characteristics of rock under high water pressure and ground stress

作　　者：金解放[1] 赵康艳 黄方博 王宇 方立兴 JIN Jiefang;ZHAO Kangyan;HUANG Fangbo;WANG Yu;FANG Lixing(School of Civil and Surveying Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Resources and Environment Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2024年第7期3074-3089,共16页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174112);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20232ACB204015)。

摘　　要：地下工程岩体普遍处于水压力和地应力环境中,水压力和地应力共同控制着岩石的物理力学特性,研究高水压和高应力对岩石声波传播的影响特性,有利于揭示深部岩体工程开挖时围岩损伤演化、动态力学响应以及水压力和地应力的反演。基于自主研发的高水压高应力岩石声波测试系统,设置多组水压力和轴向静应力等级用于模拟地下水压力和地应力环境,对红砂岩和石灰岩进行声波传播试验。选取岩石声波首波波形,研究岩石声波波速、首波幅值和能量随水压力和轴向静应力的变化关系,构建岩石声学参数的演化经验模型。研究结果表明,当承受的轴向静应力确定时,红砂岩声波波速随水压力的增大呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,2者呈良好高斯函数关系,石灰岩声波波速随水压力的增加先快速升高后缓慢降低。当承受的水压力确定时,2种岩石声波波速随轴向静应力的增大均呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,红砂岩声波波速与轴向静应力呈高斯函数关系,且红砂岩声波波速变化显著,石灰岩变化较小。确定轴向静应力工况下,红砂岩首波幅值和能量随水压力的增加先平缓发展后快速降低,首波幅值与水压力呈指数函数的变化关系;石灰岩首波幅值和能量随水压力的增加先快速增加后平稳发展或略有降低。确定水压力工况下,红砂岩首波幅值和能量随轴向静应力的增加先升高后下降;石灰岩首波幅值和能量随轴向静应力的增大先快速上升后急剧减小。研究成果对深部高水压环境下岩体工程开挖围岩赋存状态表征、应力波传播以及邻近结构的稳定性分析提供理论基础。Rocks bodies in underground engineering are generally subjected to water pressure and geo-stress environment,where water pressure and ground stress together control the physical and mechanical properties of the rock.The study of the influence characteristics of high water pressure and high stress on the propagation of rock acoustic waves is helpful to reveal the damage evolution and dynamic mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and the inversion of water pressure and soil stress during deep rock engineering excavations.Using a self-developed high hydraulic pressure and high stress rock acoustic test system,and multiple levels of hydraulic pressure and axial static stress were set to simulate the groundwater pressure and geo-stress environment,then the acoustic propagation tests were conducted on red sandstone and limestone.The head waveforms of rock acoustic waves were selected to investigate the relationship between wave ve-locity,amplitude and energy of rock acoustic waves with water pressure and axial static stress,and to construct an empir-ical model for the evolution of rock acoustic parameters.The results show that when the axial static stress is determined,the acoustic wave velocity of red sandstone increases and then decreases with the increase in water pressure,and the two show a good Gaussian function relationship,and the acoustic wave velocity of limestone increases rapidly and then de-creases slowly with the increase in water pressure.When the water pressure is determined,the acoustic wave velocity of both types of rock shows an increasing and then decreasing trend with the increase of axial static stress.The relationship between the acoustic wave velocity of red sandstone and axial static stress follows a Gaussian function,and the change in acoustic wave velocity is significant.In contrast,the change in limestone is smaller.The axial static stress condition is de-termined.As water pressure increases,the first wave amplitude and energy of red sandstone initially increase gradually,but then dec

关 键 词：深部高水压 岩石声波传播 声波波速 首波幅值 首波能量 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程] TD315[建筑科学—土工工程]