城市湿地景观变化及碳储量评估——以哈尔滨市为例  

Changes of Urban Wetlands Landscape and Carbon Storage Evaluation——A Case Study at Harbin City

作　　者：吕海亮 翟莹 刘美君 陈峰 纪鹏[1] Lv Hailiang;Zhai Ying;Liu Meijun;Chen Feng;Ji Peng(College of Horticultural and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319;Daqing Maia Micro-Cloud Technology Co.,Ltd)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,大庆163319 [2]大庆市迈亚微云科技有限公司

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2024年第4期8-14,33,共8页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：城市湖泊湿地对空气质量、温湿效应的影响研究(黑龙江省自然基金联合引导项目:LH2021C068);城市化对森林碳汇累积及树种多样性保护的影响及其权衡机制研究(国家自然科学基金项目:32201339)。

摘　　要：通过评估城市湿地景观与碳储量的时空变化特征,为促进碳增汇与可持续发展提供科学依据。利用遥感(RS)与地理信息系统(GIS)相结合,提取哈尔滨市绕城高速内1985至2021年城市湿地覆被区域,综合野外实地44个湿地样方调查数据计算得到植被与土壤碳库大小,使用InVEST模型估算湿地植被和土壤碳储量变化。研究表明:1985至2021年间城市发展变迁中,湿地景观百分比峰值出现在1993年,且景观破碎化程度最低;2001至2021年间湿地景观百分比逐渐回升,景观破碎化趋势缓解;哈尔滨市城市湿地景观损失了24%(27km^(2)),湿地损失主要位于松花江沿岸以外区域。实地调查与模型估算结果显示,单位面积湿地植被碳储量为56.92t·hm^(2),土壤碳储量为20.65t·hm^(2);1985至2021年间湿地景观总碳储量变化明显,1985至2014年间总碳储量由0.614Tg下降至0.325Tg,但在2014至2021年间城市湿地总碳储量有所回升,2021年总碳储量达到0.355Tg。综上,城市湿地景观的合理保护将对总碳储量的提升具有重要意义。To provide scientific basis for promoting carbon sequestration and sustainable development,this study evaluated the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of urban wetland landscape and carbon storage in Harbin City.By combining remote sensing(RS)images and geographic information system(GIS)analysis,this research extracted wetlands landscape and calculated landscape characteristics changes of Harbin city from 1985 to 2021.The carbon pool size of vegetation and soil was calculated based on 44 wetlands sample plots,and the changes of wetland vegetation and soil carbon storage were then estimated using InVEST model.The research results indicated that in the 36 years of urbanization,the percentage of wetland landscape peaked at 1993,and the extent of landscape fragmentation was also lowest in 1993.From 2001 to 2021,the percentage of wetlands landscape gradually increased,and the fragmentation trend decreased.For 36 years urbanization,24%(27 km^(2))of wetlands landscape was disappeared in Harbin City,and the loss of wetlands landscape was mainly located outside the Songhua River region.Field investigation and model estimation results showed that the carbon storage per unit area in vegetation was 56.92 tons per hectare,and the soil carbon storage was 20.65 tons per hectare.From 1985 to 2021,the total carbon storage of wetlands landscape changed significantly.From 1985 to 2014,the total carbon storage decreased from 614,000 tons to 325,000 tons.However,during 2014-2021,the total carbon storage of urban wetlands increased.In 2021,the total carbon storage reached 355,000 tons.Reasonable protection of urban wetlands landscape will have positive significance for the improvement of total carbon storage.

关 键 词：城市湿地 景观格局 碳储量 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]