银额盆地构造单元划分与油气勘探方向  

Structural unit division and petroleum exploration direction in the Yin'E Basin

作　　者：崔海峰 韩小锋[1] 白晓寅 黄元溢 张成富[4] 林霖[5] CUI Haifeng;HAN Xiaofeng;BAI Xiaoyin;HUANG Yuanyi;ZHANG Chengfu;LIN Lin(Xi'an Center,China Geological Survey,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang PetroleumCo.,Ltd.,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710075,China;BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China;Sinopec Zhongyuan Oilfield Company,Puyang,Henan 457001,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company,Hami,Xinjiang 839009,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心 [2]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 [3]中国石油东方地球物理公司 [4]中国石化中原油田分公司 [5]中国石油吐哈油田公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第7期89-96,共8页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国地质调查局油气地质调查项目“银额盆地西部—北山盆地群油气基础地质调查”(编号:DD20190092);“河西走廊盆地群油气地质调查评价”(编号:DD20242183);陕西省自然科学基金项目“基于地球物理多元属性的银额盆地西部火成岩识别方法研究”(编号:S2023-JC-YB-273)。

摘　　要：银额盆地是中国陆上油气勘探程度较低的含油气盆地之一,近年来其油气勘探取得明显进展,但复杂的地质结构在一定程度上制约了对盆地内构造单元的认识,导致油气勘探方向不明。为明确下一步油气勘探方向,结合该盆地钻井、地震和重力勘探等资料,落实了盆地内主要断裂的分布,划分了中生代构造单元,编制了中生界底界埋深图,明确了中生代凹陷的分布特征,最后指出了盆地油气勘探方向。研究结果表明:①银额盆地中生界与前中生界的不整合特征明显,上、下层在岩性组合和构造样式上明显不同,下构造层发育一系列复式褶皱和冲断构造,上构造层则由一系列近东西向、北东向断陷群构成;②盆地主要被红石山断裂带、阿尔金断裂带(或分支)、恩格尔乌苏断裂带和查干础鲁断裂带分隔,形成多个隆起和坳陷,坳陷又由多个凹陷和凸起构成;③油气主要在中生代箕状断陷的缓坡下部聚集,早期成藏后遭受抬升、调整,现今埋深相对较浅的凹陷值得关注,油气有利勘探面积超过5×10^(4) km^(2);④针对以粒间纳米级孔为主的微孔隙厚层泥岩,可以按照非常规油气藏勘探思路系统评价,探索泥岩的油气勘探潜力。结论认为,研究成果对深化认识银额盆地基础构造特征,进一步促进银额盆地油气勘探方向认识和推动盆地的油气勘探开发进程具有重要意义。The Yin'E Basin is one of the onshore basins less explored in China.Progress has been made in recent years in the petroleum exploration of this basin,but the complex geological structure restricts partly the on the understanding of structural units within the basin,leading to an unclear petroleum exploration direction.Based on the data of drilling,seismic and gravity exploration,the distribution of major faults in the basin is ascertained,the Mesozoic structural units are divided,the Mesozoic sag distribution is clarified,and the petroleum exploration direction in the basin is proposed.The results are obtained in four aspects.First,in the Yin'E Basin,obvious unconformity characteristics are found between Mesozoic and pre-Mesozoic.The upper and lower structural layers are significantly different in lithology combination and structural style.The lower structural layer includes a series of complex folds and thrust structures,and the upper structural layer is composed of nearly E-W and N-E fault-depression groups.Second,the basin is mainly separated by the Hongshishan fault zone,the Altun fault zone(or its branches),the Engeerwusu fault zone and the Chaganchulu fault zone,forming multiple uplifts and depressions.The depressions are composed of multiple sags and bulges.Third,hydrocarbons were mainly accumulated in the lower part of the gentle slope of the Mesozoic dustpan-like fault depression,and later uplifted and reworked.The present-day relatively shallow sags are worthy of attention,with a favorable exploration area of more than 5×10^(4) km^(2).Fourth,the thick mudstones containing micro-pores dominated by intergranular nano-pores can be evaluated systematically according to the exploration approach for unconventional reservoirs,to understand its exploration potential.It is concluded that the research results are of great significance in deep understanding of the basic structures of the basin,further supporting the analysis of petroleum exploration direction in the basin,and promoting the petroleum exploration p

关 键 词：银额盆地 中生界 前中生界 构造单元 凹陷分布 油气勘探方向 

分 类 号：TE121[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]