锑矿周边土-蔬金属元素富集特征与风险评估  

Enrichment Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Metal Elements in Soil-Vegetables around Antimony Mines

作　　者：周赛军[1] 邹佳蓉 焦泳 郑志杰 邓仁健[1] 王闯[1] 邓明君 ZHOU Saijun;ZOU Jiarong;JIAOYong;ZHENG Zhijie;DENG Renjian;WANG Chuang;DENG Mingjun(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411100,China;School of Medical Humanity and Information Management,Hunan University of Medicine,Huaihua 418000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学土木工程学院,湖南湘潭411100 [2]湖南医药学院医学人文与信息管理学院,湖南怀化418000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第6期27-35,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJAZH224);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ48319);国家自然科学基金(52204185);湖南省社科联评审项目(XSP24YBZ152)。

摘　　要：为揭示不同锑矿废渣堆放区周围土壤-蔬菜系统中潜在有害重金属元素(PTEs)的富集特征及健康风险,该文以不同种类废渣堆场(锑矿废石、锑矿冶炼渣、锑矿尾砂)周围3处村落及在废渣共同影响下的琏溪河下游的1处村落为采样区,并以采样区域内的土壤-蔬菜系统为研究对象。运用统计学、迁移系数法和体外消化模拟法等方法对土壤和蔬菜样品中的Sb、As、Hg、Pb、Cd和Zn等6种PTE的富集特征及健康风险评估进行讨论。结果表明,6种PTEs在土壤中的平均含量均超过湖南省土壤背景值及风险筛选值。所有蔬菜样品对土壤PTEs的吸收能力弱,生物累积系数平均值低于0.12。蔬菜样品的PTEs中Pb、Cd、Zn的生物转移系数数值均超过1.0,易被蔬菜富集。4个采样区中,锑的暴露风险指数均大于1.0,对人体存在明显的健康风险。用于评价复合污染危害的指数HI在4个采样区均大于2.0,主要PTEs污染因子为Sb和Pb,复合污染已对人体存在健康风险。研究表明,4个采样区的土壤已受到多种PTEs的污染与富集,蔬菜对当地居民均存在健康风险,需要特别关注。To reveal the enrichment characteristics and health risks of potential harmful heavy metal elements(PTEs)in the soil-vegetable system around different antimony mine waste residue areas,three villages around different types of waste residue storage yards(antimony ore waste rock,antimony ore smelting slag,antimony ore tailings)and a village downstream of Lianxi River under the joint influence of waste residues are selected as the sampling areas,and taking the soil-vegetable system within the sampling areas as the research object.The enrichment characteristics and health risk assessment of six types of PTEs,including Sb,As,Hg,Pb,Cd,and Zn,in soil and vegetable samples are discussed using methods such as statistics,transfer coefficient analysis,and in vitro digestion simulation.The results shows that the average content of six PTEs in the soil exceed the soil background value and risk screening value of Hunan Province.All vegetable samples show weak uptake of soil PTEs with mean bioaccumulation coefficient values below 0.12.The biological transfer coefficients of Pb,Cd,and Zn in PTEs of vegetable samples all exceed 1.0.The exposure risk index for antimony is greater than 1.0 in all four sampling areas,presenting a significant health risk to humans.The index HI used to evaluate the hazard of composite pollution is greater than 2.0 in all four sampling areas,and the main PTEs pollutants are Sb and Pb,the composite pollution has been a health risk to human beings.Research has shown that the soil in the four sampling areas has been contaminated and enriched by various PTEs,and vegetables pose health risks to local residents,requiring special attention.

关 键 词：锡矿山 潜在有害金属元素(PTEs) 土壤-蔬菜系统 富集特征 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]