固定化菌剂对石油烃污染土壤的修复研究  

Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon-contaminated Soil by Immobilized Bacteria

作　　者：李玲玲 王曰杰 房师平 郭强之 赵盛 LI Lingling;WANG Yuejie;FANG Shiping;GUO Qiangzhi;ZHAO Sheng(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,SIOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266100,China;National Registration Center for Chemicals,Ministry of Emergency Management,Qingdao 266100,China;SINOPEC National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technical Center Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]应急管理部化学品登记中心,山东青岛266100 [3]中石化国家石化项目风险评估技术中心有限公司,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第6期52-58,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目(323092)。

摘　　要：该文旨在分离高效石油烃(TPHs)降解菌并制备不同生物质基生物炭固定化复配菌剂,评估不同菌剂对土壤中石油烃的降解作用。从石油烃污染土壤中分离纯化出假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp. E)和中间苍白杆菌(Ochrobactrum intermedium H)。2株菌具有TPHs降解协同作用,最佳复配比例为2∶1,5 d TPHs降解率达到85.97%,显著优于单一菌株。采用玉米秸秆、蟹壳、木屑生物炭载体材料对菌株进行固定,开展50 d室内原位土壤修复模拟实验评估3种固定化菌剂对土壤TPHs的降解性能和酶活性变化。结果表明,各处理组对TPHs的降解率大小依次为:蟹壳生物炭固定化菌剂(78.3%)>玉米秸秆生物炭固定化菌剂(75.7%)>木屑生物炭固定化菌剂(73.9%)>游离混合菌(65.3%)>对照组(9.83%)。其中蟹壳生物炭固定化菌剂降解效率最高,半衰期最短,为22.21 d,土壤中过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶活性均显著增加,土壤肥力明显升高,具有土壤原位生物修复潜力。The purpose of this study is to isolate high-efficiency total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPHs)degrading bacteria and construct different biomass-based biochar immobilized compound bacteria(ICB),and evaluate the degradation effect of ICB in TPHs contaminated soil.High-efficiency degrading bacteria Pseudomonas sp.E and Ochrobactrum intermedium H were screened from TPHs contaminated soil.Strain E and H exhibited synergistic effect of degradation,the optimal ratio of combination was 2∶1,and the degradation rate is about 85.97%for 5 d,which was significantly better than that of single strain.The compound bacteria were immobilized with maize straw,crab shells,and sawdust biochar.Tests with three different ICB were performed with TPHs contaminated soil to assess the removal of TPHs and enzyme activity of soil during 50 days,treatment.The order of degradation rate of TPHs in each treatment group was as crab shells ICB(78.3%)>maize straw ICB(75.7%)>sawdust ICB(65.3%)>control group(9.83%).Crab shells ICB exhibited highest biodegradation efficiency and the shortest half-life(22.21 d).In addition,Crab shells ICB significantly enhanced the activities of catalase and dehydrogenase,and soil fertility increased significantly,possess application potential in soil in situ remediation.

关 键 词：石油烃降解菌 固定化菌剂 石油烃污染土壤 生物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]