湿法炼锌锑盐一步净化工艺的适用性及机理研究  

Study on Applicability and Mechanism of One-step Purification Process by Antimony-activated in Zinc Hydrometallurgy

作　　者：教光辉 刘智勇 刘志宏 JIAO Guanghui;LIU Zhiyong;LIU Zhihong(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第9期64-72,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(科技重大专项)(桂科AA22068076)。

摘　　要：随着锌冶炼原料向“百家矿”的方向发展,锌浸出液的杂质波动加剧,净化工序面临新挑战,锑盐一步净化工艺适用性的研究亟不可待。研究发现,锑盐一步净化法适用的净化前液如下:Zn^(2+)≤160 g/L、Cu^(2+)≤72 mg/L、Co^(2+)≤15 mg/L、Cd^(2+)≤837 mg/L。净化机理如下:锌粉表层溶解时,Cd、Sb、Co、Cu在锌粉表面形成絮状沉淀;随着锌粉的不断溶解,絮状沉淀向内延伸,但是絮状沉淀的延伸速度比锌粉的溶解速度慢,絮状沉淀的团聚体内出现孔洞;锌粉完全溶解时,絮状沉淀进一步延伸形成富含孔隙且被碱式硫酸锌包裹的团聚体。With the raw materials of zinc hydrometallurgy becoming more and more complicated,the fluctuation of impurities in zinc leaching solution is intensified,and the purification process is facing new challenges.The research on the applicability of one-step purification process activated by antimony is urgent.It is found that the suitable pre-purification solution is as follows:the concentration of Zn^(2+)is not higher than 160 g/L,the concentration of Cu^(2+)is not higher than 72 mg/L,the concentration of Co^(2+)is not higher than 15 mg/L,and the concentration of Cd^(2+)is not higher than 837 mg/L.The purification mechanism is as follows:when the surface of zinc powder is dissolved,Cd,Sb,Co and Cu form flocculent precipitation on the surface of zinc powder;with the continuous dissolution of zinc powder,the flocculent precipitate extends inward,but the extension speed of flocculent precipitate is slower than dissolution of zinc powder,and holes appear in the agglomerates of flocculent precipitate.When the zinc powder is completely dissolved,the flocculent precipitate further extends to form aggregates rich in pores and encapsulated by basic zinc sulfate.

关 键 词：湿法炼锌 锑盐净化 一步净化 净化机理 适用性 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]