微波强化铅冶炼炉渣基胶凝材料固化含砷石膏渣  

Microwave Strengthened Solidification of Arsenic-Gypsum Sludge by Cementitious Materials Prepared with Lead Smelting Slag

作　　者：柯勇 曾文明 邓承宇 王云燕 李云 彭聪 曹俊杰 颜旭 王海鹰 鲁兴武[4] 曾平生 闵小波 KE Yong;ZENG Wenming;DENG Chengyu;WANG Yunyan;LI Yun;PENG Cong;CAO Junjie;YAN Xu;WANG Haiying;LU Xingwu;ZENG Pingsheng;MIN Xiaobo(Central South University,School of Metallurgy and Environment,Changsha 410083,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy for Non-ferrous Metals,Changsha 410083,China;Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution,Changsha 410083,China;Northwest Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin 730900,Gansu,China;Shaoguan Smelter,Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512024,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083 [2]有色金属强化冶金新技术全国重点实验室,长沙410083 [3]国家重金属污染防治工程技术研究中心,长沙410083 [4]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900 [5]深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司韶关冶炼厂,广东韶关512024

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第9期73-80,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909204);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2021RC3013);甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD4GD033)。

摘　　要：工业生产过程中,含砷烟气与含砷废水处理过程常伴随含砷石膏渣的产排,由于含砷石膏渣资源化价值较低且为危险废物,其低成本无害化处理是重要的发展方向。研究基于“以废治废”的思路,利用铅冶炼炉渣基胶凝材料固化含砷石膏渣,引入微波辐照养护替代传统的恒温恒湿养护。结果表明,500 W微波辐照1.5 min,固化体抗压强度及砷浸出毒性与恒温恒湿养护7 d相当。抗压强度达3.09 MPa,As浸出毒性低于0.5 mg/L以下,满足《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》(GB 18598—2019)要求。进一步的水化反应特征及砷固化行为研究显示,该体系水化产物以C-(Al/Fe)-S-H(水合硅酸钙或者水合硅铝/铁酸钙)凝胶与钙矾石为主,微波辐照可抑制胶凝体系中钙矾石的生成。因此,砷的固化主要依赖于C-(Al/Fe)-S-H凝胶的物理封装与包裹作用。In the process of industrial production,the treatment process of arsenic-containing flue gas and wastewater often involves with the production and discharge of arsenic-containing gypsum sludge which has low resource value and is a hazardous waste.Thus,its low-cost and harmless treatment is an important development direction.Based on the idea of“treating waste with waste”,lead smelting slag was used to prepare cementitious materials which was applied to solidify arsenic-containing gypsum sludge.Moreover,the microwave irradiation curing was introduced to replace the traditional constant temperature and humidity curing.The results show that the compressive strength and arsenic leaching concentration of the solidified body obtained after 500 W microwave irradiation for 1.5 minutes are comparable to the solidified body obtained at constant temperature and humidity curing for seven days.The compressive strength reaches 3.09 MPa,and the As leaching concentration reduces to 0.5 mg/L below,which meets the requirements of the“Hazardous Waste Landfill Pollution Control Standard”(GB 18598—2019).Further studies on the hydration reaction characteristics and arsenic solidification behavior show that the hydration products of the system are mainly C-(Al/Fe)-S-H(calcium silicate hydrate or aluminum silicon hydrate/calcium ferrite hydrate)gel and ettringite.However,the microwave irradiation can inhibit the formation of ettringite.Therefore,the solidification of arsenic mainly depends on the physical encapsulation and encapsulation of C-(Al/Fe)-S-H gel.

关 键 词：胶凝固化 微波 碱激发胶凝材料 含砷石膏渣 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]