某锂矿低温熟化—水浸提锂和提纯高纯石英新工艺  

New Process of Low Temperature Curing and Water Leaching for Lithium Extraction and Purification of High Purity Quartz from a Lithium Ore

作　　者：杜淑华[1] 李凡 夏亮[1] 王金云[1] 陶耐 DU Shuhua;LI Fan;XIA Liang;WANG Jinyun;TAO Nai(Institute of Geological Experiments of Anhui Province(Hefei Mineral Resources Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources),Hefei 230001,China;Geological Exploration and Technology Institute of Anhui Provincial,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省地质实验研究所(国土资源部合肥矿产资源监督监测中心),合肥230001 [2]安徽省勘查技术院,合肥230001

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第9期179-187,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：安徽省地矿局地质科技项目(340000242432401900001);安徽省地质实验研究所科技项目(AHDS-2023K02)。

摘　　要：皖南低品位热液蚀变型锂矿Li_(2)O含量0.21%,属于新类型锂矿资源,主要矿物成分有长石、石英、白云母、绿泥石,锂主要以晶格形式赋存于锂绿泥石中。新工艺采用-1 mm原矿筛分,+0.425 mm粒级进入磨矿,制备-0.425+0.074 mm合格粒级。脱泥后合格粒级产品经磁选得云母精矿,非磁性物浮选得到长石精矿和石英精矿,长石精矿和云母精矿分别进行提锂,石英精矿进行酸处理提纯得高纯石英。将原矿筛出的-0.074 mm细泥、再磨产生的-0.074 mm细泥、合格粒级搅拌擦洗产生的-0.074 mm细泥,合并为总泥进行后续提锂。试验结果表明:总泥、云母、长石分别采用低温熟化—水浸工艺提锂,累计得Li_(2)O浸出率88.78%,酸浸后石英精矿含SiO_(2)99.942%,Fe 4.38 mg/kg,达到高纯石英低端产品要求,提锂后的长石和云母浸渣产率54.48%,可用于建筑材料。浸出前后样品的XRD和SEM分析表明,硫酸低温熟化破坏了锂绿泥石晶格结构,H+代替锂绿泥石中Li+,将锂释放出来。新工艺降低了磨矿成本,锂浸出率高,兼顾云母、石英、长石的回收,减少了尾矿排放,提高了低品位热液蚀变型锂矿的综合利用水平。The Li_(2)O content of a low-grade hydrothermal altered lithium ore in Southern Anhui Province is 0.21%,which belongs to a new type of lithium ore resource.The main mineral components are feldspar,quartz,muscovite and chlorite.Lithium is mainly present in lithium chlorite in the form of lattice.The new process crushes the ore to-1 mm,and the+0.425 mm particle size enters the grinding to prepare a qualified particle size of-0.425+0.074 mm.Mica concentrate is obtained by magnetic separation of qualified grade products after desliming,feldspar concentrate and quartz concentrate are obtained by flotation of non-magnetic materials.Feldspar concentrate and mica concentrate were used to extract lithium,and quartz concentrate was purified by acid treatment to obtain high purity quartz.The-0.074 mm fine mud produced by screening of raw ore,regrinding,and by qualified grade stirring and scrubbing,respectively,were combined into total mud for subsequent lithium extraction.The results show that the leaching rate of Li_(2)O is 88.78%by low temperature curing and water leaching process to extract lithium from slime,mica concentrate and feldspar concentrate respectively.After acid leaching,the content of SiO_(2)and Fe in quartz concentrate is 99.942%and 4.38 mg/kg respectively,which meet the requirements of low-end products of high-purity quartz.The yield of feldspar and mica leaching residue after lithium extraction is 54.48%,which can be used for building materials.XRD and SEM analysis of samples before and after leaching show that low temperature curing of sulfuric acid destroy the lattice structure of lithium chlorite,replacing Li+in lithium chlorite with H+to release lithium.The new process reduces grinding costs,has a high lithium leaching rate,takes into account the recovery of mica,quartz,and feldspar,reduces tailings discharge,and improves the comprehensive utilization level of low-grade hydrothermal altered lithium ore.

关 键 词：热液蚀变型锂矿 低温熟化-水浸 高纯石英 综合利用 

分 类 号：TF826.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]