基于空间布局和杂散电感优化的直流断路器并联IGBT动态均流法  

Dynamic Current Sharing Method for Parallel IGBTs in DC Circuit Breaker Based on Optimization of Layout and Stray Inductance

作　　者：温伟杰 靳鹤志 范晶涵 杨赫 李斌 WEN Weijie;JIN Hezhi;FAN Jinghan;YANG He;LI Bin(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300010,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津市300072 [2]国网天津市电力有限公司,天津市300010

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第15期131-140,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(5108-202218280A-2-370-XG);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52277120)。

摘　　要：与压接式绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)相比,模块式IGBT具有成本低、不需要单独压装结构、安装方便、故障后呈开路等特点,是750 V/1500 V混合式直流断路器中的核心元件。然而,受限于单个模块式IGBT器件的标称开断能力,多个模块式IGBT的并联均流技术是实现10 kA级直流开断的关键。文中从理论上分析了IGBT器件、缓冲电路和快速真空开关的空间排布位置对换流速度、动态均流、关断过电压等性能的影响。分析表明,从减少换流难度角度考虑,快速真空开关应与IGBT就近并联;从降低关断过电压角度考虑,各并联IGBT应采用分布式缓冲电路结构。进一步,考虑空间磁场耦合作用,建立了并联IGBT的动态开断电路模型,分析了并联IGBT动态开断性能的影响因素,发现增大子模块支路杂散电感、降低避雷器残压可有效提高并联IGBT的动态均流性能;子模块间负耦合电感可有效抑制IGBT关断过电压。最后,为兼顾换流速度、动态均流、关断过电压抑制等,提出了缓冲电路、IGBT、快速真空开关就近并联构成子模块,子模块再经电感并联的混合式直流断路器拓扑方案,并进行了仿真验证和1.5 kV/3 kA试验验证。Compared with the press-pack insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT),the modular IGBT has the characteristics of low cost,no need for the separate pressing structure,easy installation,and open circuit after failure,which is the key component in 750 V/1500 V hybrid DC circuit breaker.However,limited by the nominal breaking ability of a single modular IGBT device,the current sharing technology of multiple parallel modular IGBTs is the key to achieving 10 kA-level DC breaking.In this paper,the influences of the spatial arrangement of IGBT devices,snubber circuits,and fast vacuum switches on the performance of the commutation speed,dynamic current sharing,and turn-off overvoltage are analyzed theoretically.The results show that,from the perspective of reducing the difficulty of commutation,the fast vacuum switch should be in parallel with IGBT as closely as possible.From the perspective of reducing the turn-off overvoltage,the IGBTs should be in parallel with the decentralized snubber circuit.Further,considering the coupling effect of the space magnetic field,the dynamic breaking circuit model of parallel IGBTs is established,and the factors affecting the dynamic breaking performance of parallel IGBTs are analyzed.It is found that increasing the branch stray inductance of the submodule and reducing the residual voltage of the arrester can improve the dynamic current-sharing performance of parallel IGBTs effectively,and the negative coupling inductance between submodules can suppress the turn-off overvoltage of IGBTs effectively.Finally,considering the commutation speed,dynamic current sharing,and turn-off overvoltage suppression,a hybrid DC circuit breaker topology is proposed.In the topology,the snubber circuit,IGBTs,and fast vacuum switches are connected in parallel to form submodules,and the submodules are then connected in parallel by inductors.Simulation verification and the 1.5 kV/3 kA test validation have been conducted.

关 键 词：混合式直流断路器 绝缘栅双极型晶体管 缓冲电路 均流 过电压抑制 暂态换流 电磁耦合 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器] TN322.8[电子电信—物理电子学]