外源秸秆炭对喀斯特地区石灰性农田土壤有机碳组分及水稻生长的影响  

Effects of exogenous straw carbon on organic carbon composition in calcareous farmland soil and rice growth in karst areas

作　　者：梁元娜 蒋金平[1,2] 陈永山 徐墨馨 叶丽丽[1] LIANG Yuan-na;JIANG Jin-ping;CHEN Yong-shan;XU Mo-xin;YE Li-li(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;School of Resources and Environmental Science,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541004 [3]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第6期1150-1158,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52230006);广西中青年教师基础能力提升项目(2023KY0257);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2023334)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究添加外源秸秆炭对喀斯特地区石灰性农田土壤有机碳组分及水稻生长的影响,为探究喀斯特地区石灰性农田碳组分变化提供参考依据。【方法】于2023年3月在桂林理工大学雁山校区温室开展水稻盆栽试验,试验周期120 d。盆栽试验共设置19个处理,在仅添加秸秆炭的处理中,分别添加0.5%、1.0%和3.0%(干土质量比)的破碎秸秆、秸秆沤肥和秸秆生物炭;在添加秸秆炭和碳酸钙的处理中,3种秸秆炭添加量均为1.0%,在此基础上分别添加0、10.0%和20.0%(干土质量比)碳酸钙;同时设置未添加任何外源物质的对照(CK)处理。分析各处理中水稻生长特征,以及土壤有机碳组分微生物生物量碳(MBC)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、颗粒态有机碳(POC)含量的变化及其影响因子。【结果】秸秆炭种类、添加量均会对土壤中有机碳组分含量产生影响。添加0.5%秸秆沤肥土壤中MBC含量最高(235.73 mg/kg),添加1.0%秸秆沤肥土壤中DOC含量最大(221.50 mg/kg),而添加3.0%秸秆生物炭土壤中POC含量最高(36.20 mg/kg)。土壤中碳酸钙添加量也会影响土壤有机碳组分,碳酸钙添加量为20.0%时,添加3种秸秆炭的土壤MBC含量均为最高。10.0%碳酸钙+1.0%秸秆沤肥处理中土壤DOC含量最大(195.60 mg/kg)。添加3种秸秆炭对水稻生长的促进作用为秸秆生物炭>秸秆沤肥>破碎秸秆,其中添加0.5%秸秆生物炭的水稻长势最佳,平均株高102 cm,根长50 cm;添加3.0%破碎秸秆处理对水稻生长的抑制作用最强。随着碳酸钙添加量的增加,添加秸秆沤肥处理的水稻株高呈先升后降趋势,其中添加10.0%碳酸钙对水稻株高的促进作用较强。相关分析结果表明,秸秆生物炭用量与土壤DOC含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05,下同),与土壤POC含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。碳酸钙添加量与土壤DOC含量呈显著正相关。【结论】外源秸秆炭对石灰性水稻土中活性有机碳组分具有正�【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effects of exogenous straw carbon addition on the organic carbon composition and rice growth characteristics of calcareous paddy soil in karst area,providing reference basis for exploring the changes in carbon composition of calcareous paddy soil in karst areas.【Method】The rice pot experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of Yanshan Campus of Guilin University of Technology in March 2023,and the experiment period was 120 days.A total of 19 treatments were set up in the pot experiment.In the treatment that only added straw carbon,0.5%,1.0%and 3.0%(dry soil mass ratio)crushed straw,straw compost and straw biochar were added,respectively.In the treatment of adding straw carbon and calcium carbonate,the carbon content of the three kinds of straw was 1.0%,and on this basis,0,10.0%and 20.0%(dry soil mass ratio)calcium carbonate were added,respectively.At the same time,the control(CK)treatment without adding any substances was set up.The growth characteristics of rice and the changes of soil organic carbon components microbial biomass carbon(MBC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC),granular organic carbon(POC)and their influencing factors were analyzed.【Result】The type and amount of straw carbon had an impact on the content of organic carbon components in the soil.Adding 0.5%straw compost resulted in the highest MBC content in soil(235.73 mg/kg),while adding 1.0%straw compost resulted in the highest DOC content in soil(221.50 mg/kg).The soil treated with 3.0%straw biochar had the highest POC content(36.20 mg/kg).The content of calcium carbonate in soil also affected the composition of soil organic carbon.When the content of calcium carbonate was 20.0%,the soil MBC contents in the treatments adding three straw carbons were the highest.The soil with 10.0%calcium carbonate+1.0%straw compost had the highest DOC content(195.60 mg/kg).The effects of adding three kinds of straw carbon on the growth of rice were as follows:straw biochar>straw compost>broken straw.Among t

关 键 词：石灰性农田土壤 秸秆炭 水稻生长 土壤固碳 喀斯特地区 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]