不同类型橡胶园间作对竹芋生产力、经济效益和净温室气体排放的影响  

Effect of intercropping in different rubber plantations on productivity,economical benefit and net greenhouse gases emission of arrowroot

作　　者：黄坚雄[1,2,3] 魏元姁 董天站 潘剑 王秀全[1] HUANG Jan-xong;EI Yuan-xu;ONG Tian-zhan;PAN Jan;WANG iu-quan(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 570102,China;State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops,Haikou 571101,China;Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口570102 [2]省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室,海口571101 [3]农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测试验站,海南詹州571737 [4]中国农业大学三亚研究院,海南三亚572025

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第6期1239-1246,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央级科研院所基本业务费(RRI-KLOF202401);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000600);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-33-ZP3)。

摘　　要：【目的】构建和发展橡胶农林复合模式提高综合产出和生态效益,为保障海南省天然橡胶种植业可持续发展提供参考。【方法】以淀粉作物竹芋(Maranta arundinacea L.)为对象,在幼龄常规胶园(6龄)、幼龄(6龄)和成龄(20龄)的全周期胶园中进行间作,从光照、土壤养分、生产力、经济效益和温室气体排放方面,综合分析竹芋在不同类型胶园中的适宜性。【结果】幼龄常规胶园间作的光照条件最差,间作竹芋产量仅4750 kg/hm^(2),而幼龄和成龄全周期胶园中间作区域的光照条件较好,产量分别为27470和11190 kg/hm^(2),不同处理之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。不同间作处理竹芋的生物量亦呈相同趋势。不同处理竹芋的营养成分(淀粉、粗蛋白和可溶性糖)总体上无显著变化。幼龄和成龄全周期胶园间作竹芋的经济效益分别为86185和9285元/hm^(2),而在幼龄常规胶园中间作则为-21415元/hm^(2)。从净温室气体排放方面看,仅幼龄全周期胶园间作竹芋处理为温室气体的汇(368 kg/hm^(2)),而其他两种处理则为温室气体的源。【结论】幼龄的全周期胶园间作竹芋具有最佳的生产力和经济效益,同时能兼顾一定的生态效益,是海南省适宜的橡胶农林复合模式。【Objective】The present study aimed to construct and develop rubber-based agroforestry systems for increasing total production and ecological benefit,thus ensuring the sustainable development of natural rubber cultivation in Hainan province.【Method】The research focused on the starch crops Maranta arundinacea L.(arrowroot),which were intercropped in immature conventional single-row rubber plantation(6-year old),immature(6-year old)and mature(20-year old)double-row rubber plantations.Its feasibility of intercropping in different rubber plantation was assessed based on its light condition,soil nutrient content,productivity,economical benefit and greenhouse gases emission.【Result】The light condition in the immature conventional single-row rubber plantation was the poorest.Yield of arrowroot intercropped in this rubber plantation was only 4750 kg/hm^(2),while the yield of arrowroot intercropped in the immautre and mature double-row rubber plantations were 27470 and 11190 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which light conditions were better(P<0.05).The variation of arrowroot biomass between different treatments was consistent with the yields.Totally,the nutritional ingredient(starch,crude protein and soluble sugar)did not differ significantly between treatments.The economical benefits of arrowroot intercropped in immature and mature double-row rubber plantation were 86185 and 9285 Yuan/hm^(2),respectively,while arrowroot intercropped in immature single-row rubber plantation was-21415 Yuan/hm^(2).In terms of net greenhouse gas emission,only the treatment intercropped in immature double-row rubber plantation was a sink with a potential of 368 kg/hm^(2),while the other treatments were source of greenhouse gas emission.【Conclusion】The highest productivity and economical benefit are found in treatment of arrowroot intercropped in immature rubber plantation.Meanwhile,ecological benefit is also obtained.This type of rubber-based agroforestry system is suitable and recommended for popularization in Hainan province.

关 键 词：橡胶农林复合模式 竹芋 生产力 经济和生态效益 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]