2021年广西稻瘟病菌致病性分化及其无毒基因分析  

Pathogenicity differentiation and avirulence genes analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae in Guangxi in 2021

作　　者：颜群[1] 岑贞陆[1] 农倩[1] 李焜华[1] 张月雄[2] 韦丽丽[1] 晏卫红[1] 韦善富[1] YAN Qun;CEN Zhen-lu;NONG Qian;LI Kun-hua;ZHANG Yue-xiong;WEI Li-li;YAN Wei-hong;WEI Shan-fu(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;Rice Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第6期1281-1287,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21220016);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西水稻创新团队建设专项(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-01-05);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科YT2021074)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究广西稻瘟病菌的致病力、优势种群和优势生理小种,分析其无毒基因,了解其生理小种及无毒基因组成与分布情况,为水稻抗性育种和品种推广提供参考。【方法】使用7个我国统一鉴别品种和26份已知抗病基因的近等基因系,采用室内苗期人工喷雾接种方法对2021年从广西南部(桂南)、中部(桂中)、北部(桂北)和高寒山区4个不同生态稻作区分离得到的128株稻瘟病单孢菌株进行致病性测定。【结果】60.16%供试稻瘟病菌菌株表现出强致病力,128株稻瘟病菌株被划分为7个种群26个生理小种,ZB群为优势种群,出现频率为69.53%,优势生理小种为ZB_(13)和ZB_9,出现频率分别为25.00%、14.84%。供试菌株对26个抗病基因的毒力频率为28.12%~100.00%,其中,供试病菌对Pik、Pikm、Pi1、Pi9基因的毒力频率较低,分别为28.12%、28.91%、35.94%、37.50%。供试的广西稻瘟病菌含有与测试抗病基因相对应的无毒基因,其中15个无毒基因在桂南、桂中、桂北和高寒山区4个不同稻作区均有分布,无毒基因Avr-Pia(1)、Avr-Pia(2)、Avr-Pii、Avr-Pik^(s)、Avr-Pib、Avr-Pit、Avr-Pish(2)、Avr-Pi3(t)、Avr-Pi5(t)、Avr-Pi12(t)、Avr-Pi19(t)出现频率均低于20.00%。携带有5、6、7、8、10个无毒基因组合的菌株较多,其在供试菌株中占比分别为19.53%、11.72%、11.72%、15.63%、10.16%。【结论】2021年广西稻瘟病菌致病力强,优势种群为ZB群,优势生理小种为ZB_(13)和ZB_9,无毒基因Avr-Pia(1)、Avr-Pia(2)、Avr-Pii、Avr-Pik^(s)、Avr-Pib、Avr-Pit、Avr-Pish(2)、Avr-Pi3(t)、Avr-Pi5(t)、Avr-Pi12(t)和Avr-Pi19(t)出现频率较低,在水稻抗病育种与品种布局中,与之对应的抗病基因应慎用。【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the pathogenicity and dominant physiological groups and physiological races of Magnaporthe oryzae in Guangxi,analyze avirulence genes,find out the composition and distribution of physiological races and avirulence genes,providing reference for resistance breeding and variety promotion.【Method】Pathogenicity of 128 M.oryzae single spore isolates from 4 rice growing regions of southern Guangxi(Guinan),central Guangxi(Guizhong),northern Guangxi(Guibei)and alpine region were determined by artificial spraying inoculation on the 7 unified identification of varieties in China and 26 near-isogenic lines(NILs)that contained only one resistance gene.【Result】Among the 128 rice blast strains,the proportion of strong pathogenic strains was 60.16%.The 128 M.oryzae strains could be divided into 7 groups and 26 physiological races,and the dominant group was ZB with a frequency of 69.53%.Dominant physiological races were ZB_(13)and ZB_9,whose frequencies were 25.00%and 14.84%.Virulence frequency of the tested isolates ranged from 28.12%to 100.00%.Among them,the virulence frequency of the isolates group to resistance genes Pik,Pikm,Pi1 and Pi9 was lower,with frequencies of 28.12%,28.91%,35.94%and 37.50%,respectively.Avirulence genes corresponding to the tested resistance genes were detected in the collected rice blast fungi,and 15 avirulence genes were detected in the four regions.Avirulence genes Avr-Pia(1),Avr-Pia(2),Avr-Pii,Avr-Pik^(s),Avr-Pib,Avr-Pit,Avr-Pish(2),Avr-Pi3(t),Avr-Pi5(t),Avr-Pi12(t)and Avr-Pi19(t)occurred at a frequency less than 20.00%.Most of isolates contained 5,6,7,8,10 avirulence genes with combination frequency of 19.53%,11.72%,11.72%,15.63%and 10.16%in the tested strains.【Conclusion】Rice blast fungi in Guangxi from 2021 have strong pathogenicity.The dominant physiological group is ZB and dominant physiological races are ZB_(13)and ZB_9.Avirulence genes Avr-Pia(1),Avr-Pia(2),Avr-Pii,Avr-Pik^(s),Avr-Pib,Avr-Pit,Avr-Pish(2),Avr-Pi3(t),Avr-Pi5(t),Avr-

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 致病性 无毒基因 出现频率 广西 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]