不同基质配比对日光温室黄瓜根际基质环境及细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of different substrate ratios on substrate environment in cucumber rhizosphere and bacterial community structure

作　　者：李梅花 周娟[1] 王彦丽 党仕卓 汤学燊 胡豪 张亚红[1] LI Mei-hua;ZHOU Juan;WANG Yan-li;DANG Shi-zhuo;TANG Xue-shen;HU Hao;ZHANG Ya-hong(College of Food and Wine,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川750021

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第6期1295-1303,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BEF02016、2023BCF01054)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同比例葡萄废弃枝条复配基质在黄瓜栽培过程中根际基质环境及细菌群落结构变化,为葡萄废弃枝条的基质化利用途径提供理论依据与技术支撑。【方法】以黄瓜为研究对象,测定5个处理[CK:商品基质、T1:v(葡萄枝条发酵物)∶v(草炭)∶v(珍珠岩)=2∶5∶3、T2:v(葡萄枝条发酵物)∶v(草炭)∶v(珍珠岩)=3∶4∶3、T3:v(葡萄枝条发酵物)∶v(草炭)∶v(珍珠岩)=4∶3∶3、T4:v(葡萄枝条发酵物)∶v(草炭)∶v(珍珠岩)=5∶2∶3]的基质养分和酶活性特征,并利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术探究各处理黄瓜根际基质细菌群落结构变化。【结果】葡萄废弃枝条复配基质养分与CK相比差异显著,复配基质速效氮、速效磷含量显著增加,碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、纤维素酶活性均有明显提高。细菌群落组成结果显示,使用复配基质栽培的黄瓜根际细菌群落多样性与丰富度指数显著提高,T4处理增加最显著。不同处理细菌群落物种组成相同,但复配基质处理细菌群落结构较CK存在较大差异,结果表明,放线菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门为各处理共有优势菌门,占总丰度的75.27%~81.33%。相关性分析结果表明,影响细菌多样性的主要因素为速效氮、速效磷、速效钾。【结论】不同基质配比显著影响基质养分、细菌多样性与群落结构,其中T3、T4处理的基质养分特征、酶活性及细菌多样性与丰富度较优,可作为黄瓜栽培的最适基质配比。【Objective】The study aimed to explore the changes of rhizosphere matrix environment and bacterial community structure in different proportions of grape waste branches compound matrix during cucumber cultivation,and to provide theoretical and technical support for the matrix utilization of grape abandoned branches.【Method】Cucumber was used as the research object to determine the substrate nutrients and enzyme activity characteristics of five treatments[CK:commercial substrate,T1:v(grape branch fermentation)∶v(peat)∶v(perlite)=2∶5∶3,T2:v(grape branch fermentation)∶v(peat)∶v(perlite)=3∶4∶3,T3:v(grape branch fermentation)∶v(peat)∶v(perlite)=4∶3∶3,T4:v(grape branch fermentation)∶v(peat)∶v(perlite)=5∶2∶3],and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the changes of bacterial community structure.【Result】Compared with CK,the nutrients of grape waste branches compound matrix were significantly different.The contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in compound matrix increased significantly,and the activities of phosphatase,urease,catalase and cellulase were significantly improved.The results of bacterial community composition showed that the diversity and richness index of cucumber rhizosphere bacterial community cultivated with compound substrate were significantly increased,and the increase of T4 treatment was the most significant.The bacterial community species composition of different treatments was the same,but the bacterial community structure of the compound matrix treatment was significantly different from that of CK.The dominant bacteria of each treatment were Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria,accounting for 75.27%-81.33%of the total abundance.The results of correlation analysis showed that available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were the main factors affecting bacterial diversity.【Conclusion】Different substrate ratios significantly affect substrate nutrients,bacterial di

关 键 词：葡萄废弃枝条 复配基质 基质养分 酶活性 细菌群落多样性 

分 类 号：S641.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]