北京市朝阳区6~35月龄婴幼儿新型冠状病毒感染情况及疫苗接种意愿调查  

Survey on the infection status and vaccination willingness of infants aged 6-35 months in Chaoyang district,Beijing,for the COVID-19

作　　者：黄立勇[1] 王淑瑜 邹心宇 蓝秋凤 姜晓红[1] 王丽娟[1] 张政[1] 齐啸[1] 王兆南[1] HUANG Liyong;WANG Shuyu;ZOU Xinyu;LAN Qiufeng;JIANG Xiaohong;WANG Lijuan;ZHANG Zheng;QI Xiao;WANG Zhaonan(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chaoyang District,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2024年第3期289-292,共4页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：首都卫生发展专项(首发2021-1G-3013)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区6~35月龄婴幼儿新型冠状病毒(简称新冠病毒)感染基本情况以及其法定监护人为其接种各种类型新冠病毒疫苗的意向。方法2023年6月27日—7月10日,在朝阳区4家社区卫生服务中心和1家三级甲等儿童专科医院门诊进行疫苗接种和因病就诊的人群中,选取满6~35月龄的婴幼儿监护人进行现场问卷调查,描述性分析婴幼儿新冠病毒感染情况及新冠病毒疫苗的接种意愿。结果本研究共调查6~35月龄婴幼儿385人,新冠病毒感染率为82.86%(319/385),感染高峰时间在2022年12月和2023年5月;发热(308/317,97.16%)、咳嗽(129/317,40.69%)、活动减少(110/317,34.70%)和流涕(109/317,34.38%)是最常见的症状,其中咳嗽和流涕持续时间中位天数分别为4 d和3 d;再次感染率为12.23%(39/319),两次感染间隔时间中位天数为152 d。39例再次感染者与其首次感染相比,再次感染时发热症状比例降低10.26%(4/39),但是咳嗽(6/39,15.38%)、流涕(4/39,10.26%)、鼻塞和呕吐(4/39,10.26%)症状出现比例依次升高。如果国内推荐6月龄以上婴幼儿接种新冠病毒疫苗,56.88%(219/385)的儿童监护人不愿意接种,最主要原因是担心疫苗不良反应(101/219,46.12%)。结论6~35月龄婴幼儿新型冠状病毒感染率较高。与首次感染相比,再次感染后,暂未发现重症比例升高现象。监护人未来为婴幼儿接种新冠病毒疫苗的意愿不高。Objective To investigate the basic situation of COVID-19 infection in infants and young children aged 6-35 months in Chaoyang district of Beijing and the intention of COVID-19 vaccine inoculation in legal guardians of the infants and young children.Methods In the health care departments of four community health service centers in Chaoyang district and the outpatient services of the Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics,on-site questionnaire surveys were conducted among the guardians of infants and young children aged 6-35 months during 27th June and 10th July,2023,and descriptive analysis was made on the status of COVID-19 and the willingness to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccines among infants and young children.Results A total of 385 infants aged 6-35 months were investigated.The infection rate was 82.86%(319/385).The infection peak was during December 2022 and May 2023.Fever(308/317,97.16%),cough(129/317,40.69%),hypodynamic(110/317,34.70%),and rhinorrhea(109/317,34.38%)were the most common symptoms.The median duration of cough and rhinorrhea was 4 days and 3 days,respectively.The rate of reinfection was 12.23%(39/319).The median number of days between the two infections was 152 days.Compared with the first infection,the proportion of fever symptoms decreased by 10.26%(4/39)at secondary infection,while the proportion of symptoms of cough,rhinorrhea,nasal obstruction and vomiting increased(15.38%,10.26%,10.26%respectively).Many children's guardians(56.88%)were unwilling to vaccinate if infants over 6 months were recommended to receive the COVID-19 vaccines,considering adverse reactions(101/219,46.12%).Conclusions The infection rate of Omicron variant of COVID-19 in infants aged 6-35 months is high.Compared with the first infection,the proportion of severe patients don't increase for reinfection.The willingness of guardians to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccines for infants in the future is low.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 婴幼儿 感染 疫苗 接种意愿 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]