钒钛磁铁矿精矿钙化焙烧-硫酸浸出强化提钒  

Enhanced vanadium extraction by calcium-roasting and sulfuric acid leaching from vanadium titanium-magnetite concentrate

作　　者：陈正义 肖军辉[1,2,3,4] 陈肖汀 程仁举 CHEN Zhengyi;XIAO Junhui;CHEN Xiaoting;Cheng Renju(Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Non-Metallic Mineral Powder Modification and High-Value Utilization,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;School of Environment and Resources,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;Dongfang Boiler Group Co.,Ltd.,Zigong 643001,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Strategic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Sichuan 610041,Chengdu,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学四川省非金属矿粉体改性与高质化利用工程实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [3]东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司,四川自贡643001 [4]西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化利用教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [5]中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所自然资源部战略性矿产综合利用工程技术创新中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第7期27-37,共11页Iron and Steel

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资助项目(2023ZYD0028);四川省科技计划资助项目(24NSFSC2150,2022YFS0509);自然资源部战略性矿产综合利用工程技术创新中心资助项目(CCUM-KY-2304);四川省自然资源厅资助项目(KJ-2023-003)。

摘　　要：为了在不同试验条件下获得钒浸出率最高的提钒工艺,对攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿精矿进行了钙化焙烧-硫酸浸提钒工艺条件试验。该钒钛磁铁矿精矿为钒钛磁铁矿磁选后的选铁精矿,其中的主要矿物大多带有磁性,如磁铁矿、钛铁矿,其中的V_(2)O_(5)质量分数为0.41%,属于低品位钒矿。钒的存在形式为钒铁尖晶石,主要分布在磁铁矿中。对矿物结合X射线衍射仪进行定性分析和扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析仪扫描分析,确定钒钛磁铁矿精矿焙烧前后的矿物相变和焙烧机理;对矿物采用X射线荧光光谱仪进行半定量分析,确定钒钛磁铁矿中各元素含量;采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定钒含量,用以计算浸出率来评判工艺效果。结果表明,焙烧过程中碳酸钙在高温下分解成CaO和二氧化碳,CaO与钒铁尖晶石在高温下反应生成可溶于硫酸的钒酸钙,化学反应方程式和热力学中标准吉布斯自由能(Δ_(r)G^(θ))的计算结果也表明,在试验条件下钒铁尖晶石转化为钒酸钙是可行的。在单因素条件下试验,采用球团焙烧方式,进行造球的物料粒度小于0.075 mm,球团尺寸为8~10 mm,确定了焙烧温度为1323 K、碳酸钙用量为7.5%、焙烧时间为2 h、随炉降温至室温的最佳焙烧条件;确定了焙砂粒度小于0.075 mm、浸出温度为333 K、浸出溶剂为体积分数10%的硫酸、液固比为5 mL/g、浸出时间为3 h的最佳浸出条件,可得到钒浸出率为94.66%。The process of calcification roasting and sulfuric acid leaching was used to enrich and extract vanadium from vanadium titanium-magnetite concentrate from Panxi area.The purpose of the test is to obtain the highest vanadium extraction rate under different conditions.The vanadium titanium magnetite concentrate is an iron concentrate after magnetic separation of vanadium titanium magnetite,in which the main minerals are mostly magnetic,such as magnetite and ilmenite,in which the mass percent of V_(2)O_(5) is 0.41%,belonging to low-grade vanadium ore.Vanadium exists in the form of vanadium iron spinel,which is mainly distributed in magnetite.The mineral phase transformation and roasting mechanism of vanadium titanium magnet concentrate before and after roasting were determined by the qualitative analysis of mineral combined with X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analyzer.The mineral was semi-quantitatively analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to determine the content of each element in vanadium-titanium magnetite.The concentration of vanadium was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer,and the leaching rate was calculated to evaluate the process effect.The results show that calcium carbonate is decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperature during roasting,and calcium oxide reacts with ferric vanadium spinel at high temperature to produce calcium vanadate soluble in sulfuric acid.The calculation results of chemical reaction equation and thermodynamic Δ_(r)G^(θ) also show that it is feasible to convert ferric vanadium spinel into calcium vanadate under experimental conditions.Under the single factor test,the pellet roasting method was used,the particle size of the pellet was less than 0.075 mm,the pellet size was 8-10 mm,the roasting temperature was 1323 K,the amount of calcium carbonate was 7.5%,the roasting time was 2 h,and the furnace was cooled to room temperature.The optimum leaching conditions were determined with the sa

关 键 词：钒钛磁铁矿精矿 钙化焙烧 硫酸浸出 钒铁尖晶石 钒酸钙 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]