基于双层协调控制的电池储能参与电网二次调频策略  

Strategy for battery energy storage participating in secondary frequency regulation of power grid based on two-layer coordinated control

作　　者：肖家杰 李培强[1] 毛志宇 刁涵彬 刘康 涂春鸣[1] XIAO Jiajie;LI Peiqiang;MAO Zhiyu;DIAO Hanbin;LIU Kang;TU Chunming(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;CSG Electric Power Research Institute,Guangzhou 510660,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]南方电网科学研究院,广东广州510660

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2024年第8期9-17,共9页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52377097);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2021YFB2601504)。

摘　　要：针对电池储能参与电网二次调频的场景,为了提升电池储能的寿命以及改善调频效果,提出一种基于双层协调控制的电池储能控制策略。在外层控制中,针对储能参与电网调频的时机与深度,分析基于灵敏度计算的阶跃式控制模式对储能出力特性的影响,并提出基于指数函数变换的分配因子平滑式自适应调整策略,在保证调频质量的同时,优化储能出力。在内层控制中,将电池储能系统分为不同充、放电特性的两部分,以减小频繁充、放电切换对电池寿命的影响。提出结合超短期负荷预测的电池储能荷电状态双层模糊优化策略,根据等效荷电状态和负荷变化趋势修正储能分配因子,在维持电网调频质量的前提下优化电池储能的荷电状态,解决在调频过程中因充、放电总能量不均衡而导致的高/低荷电状态极端运行问题,保证电池储能的持续调频能力。基于某电网的实际负荷数据,在MATLAB/Simulink中验证所提策略的有效性。Aiming at the scenario of battery energy storage participating in secondary frequency regulation of power grid,a battery energy storage control strategy based on two-layer coordinated control is proposed to improve the life of battery energy storage and frequency regulation effect.In the out-layer control,aiming at the timing and depth of energy storage participating in the frequency regulation of power grid,the influence of sensitivity calculation based step control mode on the characteristics of energy storage output is analyzed,and a distribution factor smoothing adaptive adjustment strategy based on the exponential function transformation is proposed to optimize the energy storage output while ensuring the frequency regulation quality.In the inner-layer control,the battery energy storage system is divided into two parts with different charging and discharging characteristics,which reduces the influence of frequent charging and discharging switching on the battery life.A two-layer fuzzy optimization strategy of state of charge for battery energy storage is proposed combining ultra-short-term load prediction,the distribution factor of energy storage is modified according to the equivalent state of charge and load variation trend,the state of charge of battery energy storage is optimized under the premise of maintaining the frequency regulation quality of power grid,the extreme operation problem of high/low state of charge caused by the imbalance of total charging and discharging energy in the frequency regulation process is solved,and the continuous frequency regulation ability of battery energy storage is ensured.Based on the actual load data of a power grid,the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified in MATLAB/Simulink.

关 键 词：电池储能 二次调频 自适应分配因子 协调控制 使用寿命 双层模糊控制 

分 类 号：TM761[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]