福美双造成斑马鱼胚胎脊索畸形及其与甲状腺素的关联  

Thiram-induced notochord malformation in zebrafish embryos and its association with thyroxine

作　　者：蔡晓旭 于永利[1,2] 齐澈力木格 穆瑞 成曼溶 包姝姝 常旭 尤欢 张学富 康桂英[1] 杨景峰[1] 董武[1] CAI Xiaoxu;YU Yongli;QI Chelimuge;MU Rui;CHENG Manrong;BAO Shushu;CHANG Xu;YOU Huan;ZHANG Xuefu;KANG Guiying;YANG Jingfeng;DONG Wu(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Life Science and Food,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Tongliao Animal Agriculture Development Service Center,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;The Medical College of Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院内蒙古自治区毒物监控及毒理学重点实验室,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古民族大学生命科学与食品学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]通辽市畜牧业发展中心,内蒙古通辽028000 [4]内蒙古民族大学医学院,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第4期808-817,共10页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金(2020MS08103);学科交叉创新团队建设项目(董武-2023年度);科研创新平台能力建设支持计划(薛江东-2023年度);内蒙古民族大学科研业务费(GXKY22001,GXKY22093);内蒙古自然科学基金(2021LHMS02007).

摘　　要：福美双(tetramethyl thiram disulfide,thiram)是一种二硫代甲氨基甲酸盐类(dimethyldithiocarbamate,DTCs)农药,在我国使用较为广泛,因其高残留性引起广泛重视。本研究使用斑马鱼(Danio rerio)胚胎作为动物模型,探讨了福美双造成斑马鱼胚胎脊索弯曲及其与甲状腺素的关联。将受精后3 h(3 hours post-fertilization,3 hpf)斑马鱼胚胎分别短期(10和30 min)暴露或持续暴露于0.0024、0.024和0.24 mg/L的低质量浓度福美双中,并在24,48,72和96 hpf分别进行相关指标的检测。HPLC检测结果显示,斑马鱼体内可检测的福美双含量为0.13 mg/kg(暴露从3 hpf至72 hpf)。形态学结果显示,即使短期(30 min)福美双暴露,也会引起斑马鱼胚胎死亡率的升高、孵化延迟,并造成脊索弯曲。福美双暴露会降低甲状腺素关联基因甲状腺过氧化物酶基因(TPO)的表达。激素水平检测也发现福美双可造成总四碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT4)和总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)含量的降低。试验结果表明一次性短期福美双暴露仍对斑马鱼胚胎具有一定的毒性作用,这种作用也许与甲状腺激素之间存在关联,试验也为二硫代氨基甲酸盐类农药的生物监控提供了思路。Tetramethyl thiram disulfide(thiram)is a dimethyldithiocarbamate(DTC)pesticide and is widely used in China,but its high residue has caused widespread concern.In this study,we used zebrafish(Danio rerio)embryos as animal models to explore the relationship between notochord curvature and thyroxine caused by thiram in zebrafish embryos.Zebrafish embryos at 3 hours post-fertilization(3 hpf)were exposed to low concentrations of thiram(0,0.0024,0.024,and 0.24 mg/L)for short-term(10,30 min)or continuous exposure(1-4 d),and the relevant indicators were observed at 24,48,72,and 96 hpf.HPLC analysis results showed that the detectable concentration of thiram in zebrafish was 0.13 mg/kg(exposure from 3 hpf to 72 hpf).Morphological results showed that even short-term(30 min)thiram exposure increased mortality,delayed hatching,and caused notochord curvature in zebrafish embryos.Thiram exposure resulted in a decrease in gene expression of the thyroxine-related gene thyroid peroxidase(TPO).The detection of hormone levels indicated that thiram caused a decrease in the levels of tetraiodothyronine(T4)and triiodothyronine(T3).The results of this study indicate that one-time,short-term exposure to thiram still causes toxic effects on zebrafish embryos,and this effect may be related to thyroid hormones.This study also provides ideas for biological monitoring of dithiocarbamate pesticides.

关 键 词：福美双 斑马鱼胚胎 发育毒性 甲状腺激素 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X503.224