基于大型物理模型试验的高位岩质滑坡碎屑流解体破碎效应  

Disintegration and Fragmentation Effect of High Position Rock Landslide Debris Flow Based on Large Scale Physical Model Test

作　　者：贺旭荣 殷跃平[2] 赵立明 胡卸文[1] 王文沛[2] 张仕林 He Xurong;Yin Yueping;Zhao Liming;Hu Xiewen;Wang Wenpei;Zhang Shilin(Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《地球科学》2024年第7期2650-2661,共12页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.U2244227);国家重点研发计划资助项目(No.2018YFC1505404);自然资源部地质环境监测工程技术创新中心开放课题(No.2022KFK1212005)。

摘　　要：解体破碎效应普遍存在于高位岩质滑坡运动过程中,能够使滑坡物质状态与运动状态发生转变,从而影响滑坡的能量分布和动力传递特征.为探讨高位岩质滑坡碎屑流解体破碎特征与能量耗散规律,揭示其动力传递机制,采用大型物理模型试验,重点研究滑源区块体强度、方量、厚度、节理发育程度和坡度等对岩体解体破碎的影响.结果表明:高位岩质滑坡碎屑流在动力传递过程中,前部速度损失较后部明显偏少,前缘具有明显的“二次加速”,大量细小颗粒堆积于远端.滑坡体后部向前部具有明显的速度与动力传递效应,且破碎程度越高,动力传递效应越显著.解体破碎过程伴随能量的转化、传递与损失,在破碎程度控制下,破碎耗能约占总势能的3.32%~21.03%.Disintegration and fragmentation effect generally exists in the process of high position rock landslide movement,which can change the material state and motion state of landslide,thus affecting the energy distribution and dynamic transmission characteristics of landslide.By large scale physical model test,this paper deeply studies the slip source block body strength,volume,thickness and joint development degree and slope on the influence of rock disintegration and fragmentation,discusses the disintegration and fragmentation characteristics and the law of detrital energy dissipation of high position rock landslide debris flow,and reveals its momentum transfer mechanism.In the process of dynamic transmission of landslide debris flow,the velocity loss in the front is obviously less than that in the rear,the leading edge has obvious“secondary acceleration”,and a large number of fine particles accumulate at the far end.The rear and forward parts of the landslide have obvious velocity and power transfer effect,and the higher the degree of fragmentation,the more significant the dynamic transfer effect.The process of disintegration and fragmentation is accompanied by the transformation,transfer and loss of energy.Under the control of the degree of breakage,the energy dissipation accounts for 3.32%-21.03%of the total potential energy.

关 键 词：高位岩质滑坡碎屑流 大型物理模型试验 动力传递 解体破碎 能量耗散 工程地质 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]