中国20~59岁成年人群科学健身素养现状及影响因素  

Current status and influencing factors of scientific fitness literacy among Chinese adult population aged 20~59 years

作　　者：高艺博 张彦峰[1] 王欢[1] 武东明[1] 潘祥 江露沛 何矝 张傲雨 王艺蓓 赵德强 Gao Yibo;Zhang Yanfeng;Wang Huan;Wu Dongming;Pan Xiang;Jiang Lupei;He Jin;Zhang Aoyu;Wang Yibei;Zhao Deqiang(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2024年第8期691-698,共8页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所项目(基本23-20);国家重点研发计划“主动健康和人口老龄化科技应对”重点专项(2022YFC3600204)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国20~59岁成年人科学健身素养(scientific fitness literacy,SFL)现状及其影响因素。方法以2020年1月1日至2020年3月31日进行的2020年全民健身活动状况调查中的63338名20~59岁成年人为研究对象,并将其分为20~29岁、30~39岁、40~49岁和50~59岁4个年龄组,通过SPSS 29.0进行数据分析,运用非参数检验进行年龄、性别和城乡的比较分析,运用多元回归模型寻找SFL的影响因素。结果中国20~59岁成年人科学健身素养得分为53.40(41.67,63.73)分,认知、态度、能力与技能、行为与习惯子层面得分分别为86.11(72.22,100.00)分、62.96(50.62,75.31)分、27.78(11.11,44.44)分和33.33(11.11,55.56)分。SFL及4个子层面男性得分均高于女性,城镇成年人得分高于乡村成年人(均P<0.01)。多元回归结果分析显示,经常到健身场所锻炼(20~29岁:β=0.321,t=5.940,P<0.01;30~39岁:β=0.187,t=2.937,P<0.01;40~49岁:β=0.230,t=3.988,P<0.01和50~59岁:β=0.415,t=5.671,P<0.01)是中国成年人SFL共同的影响因素,20~29岁和30~39岁年龄组动机、周围人评价、锻炼所带来的体验和锻炼的便利性和氛围是主要影响因素(均P<0.05),而健身场所舒适性、便利性、安全性和健身政策的支持是40~59岁成年人主要的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论中国20~59岁成年人SFL的认知得分较高,但SFL总体得分较低。周围人评价、锻炼所带来的体验、健身场所舒适性、便利性、安全性和健身政策支持是SFL的影响因素。Objective To investigate the current status of scientific fitness literacy(SFL)and its influencing factors among Chinese adults aged 20-59 years.Methods Totally 63338 adults aged 20-59 years in the status of national fitness activities in 2020 from 1 January to 31 March 2020 were selected as the subjects,and they were divided into four age groups,namely,the 20-29 age group,the 30-39 age group,the 40-49 age group and the 50-59 age group.Data were analyzed by SPSS 29.0.Comparative analyses for age,gender,urban-rural difference were carried out by applying non-parametric tests,and multiple regression models were applied to find the influencing factors of SFL.Results The SFL score of Chinese adults aged 20-59 years was 53.40(41.67,63.73),and the scores of cognition,attitude,ability and skills,behavior and habits sub-dimensions were 86.11(72.22,100.00),62.96(50.62,75.31),27.78(11.11,44.44)and 33.33(11.11,55.56),respectively.The SFL and the four sub-dimensions were demonstrated to have higher scores for males than females,and higher scores for adults in urban area than those in rural area(all P<0.01).The multiple regression results showed that regular exercise at a fitness facility(20-29 age group:β=0.321,t=5.940,P<0.01;30-39 age group:β=0.187,t=2.937,P<0.01;40-49 age group:β=0.230,t=3.988,P<0.01;50-59 age group:β=0.415,t=5.671,P<0.01)was the Chinese adults'common influence factor on SFL.Motivation,evaluation by those around them,experience from exercising,and convenience and atmosphere of exercising were the main influence factors in the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups(all P<0.05).Comfort level of fitness venue,convenience,safety,and support of fitness place were the main influence factors in adults aged 40-59 years(all P<0.05).Conclusions Chinese adults aged 20-59 years old have high SFL awareness scores,but low overall SFL scores.Surrounding people's evaluation,experience in exercise,comfort level of fitness place,convenience,safety and fitness policy support are the influential factors of scientific fitness literacy

关 键 词：科学健身素养 成年人 认知 态度 能力与技能 行为习惯 影响因素 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]