局部语法路径下的短语项拓展研究——以《美国国情咨文》中the X is that/to为例  

An expansion of studies on phraseological items through the approach of local grammars:A case study of the X is that/to in U.S.State of the Union Address

作　　者：刘运锋 LIU Yunfeng(School of Foreign Languages,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学外国语学院,安徽省芜湖市241000

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2024年第4期496-506,638,共12页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：李文中教授主持的国家社科基金后期资助项目“语料库与数据科学应用研究”(21FYYB002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：短语项概念自提出以来一直是语料库短语学和话语分析的关注对象,但短语项描写内容鲜有涉及局部语法,未能深入探讨词语与语法共选的局部受限特性。本研究采用局部语法路径,以主题文本中的短语项the X is that和the X is to框架为例,对比分析局部语法型式,总结词语与语法的共选特征,并概括局部文本功能。结果表明:1)短语项框架具有语法限制的主导作用,但填充成分的实现形式灵活,语义种类多样,框架在实施语法限制的同时又表现出词语、句法和语义能产性;2)填充词语倾向于形成数量有限的语义集,框架对填充词语的选择在形式和语义上呈现层级优先次序,且框架两侧成分对填充词语具有非均衡的搭配拉力;3)短语项成分发生变异,短语项的局部语法型式在词语、语法、语义、语用等要素的共选联动下,表现出动态的意义移变趋势,并发挥具有区别性的局部文本功能。研究结果从微观层面拓展了短语项描写内容,深化了文本意义探索主题,对于推动语料库短语学与话语分析的文本主题化发展具有一定的启示。Phraseological items have been the focus of corpus phraseology and discourse analysis since they were first proposed,but the description of phraseological items rarely involves local grammars,which fails to explore the local restraints of co-selection between lexis and grammar.Taking the X is that and the X is to in subject texts as examples,this paper makes a comparative analysis of local grammar patterns of the phraseological items and summarizes the co-selected features of lexis and grammar as well as the local textual functions.The following are the results.1)Phraseological frame has a dominant role of grammatical restriction,but the filled words are flexible in form and variable in meaning,and the frame demonstrates lexical,syntactic,and semantic productivity while implementing grammatical restriction.2)The filled words tend to form a limited number of semantic sets,and the selection of these words via the frame presents a hierarchical priority in both form and semantics;the components on both sides of the frame exert an unbalanced collocation pull on the flled words.3)All constituents of the phraseological items have their own variants,and the local grammar patterns of the items reflect the dynamic trends of meaning shift and perform distinctive local textual functions in the co-selection of lexis,grammar,semantics,and pragmatics.The results of this study expand the contents of phraseological items through the approach of local grammars and deepen the exploration of text meaning,which is significant for promoting the development of text thematization in corpus phraseology and discourse analysis.

关 键 词：短语项 搭配框架 意义单位 局部语法路径 词语语法理论 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]