分布式形态学框架下汉语强弱动结式的比较研究  

A comparative study of strong and weak resultative verb compounds in Mandarin underDistributed Morphology

作　　者：杨大然 施燕铃 YANG Daran;SHI Yanling(School of Intemational Studies,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院,浙江省杭州市311121

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2024年第4期507-518,638,639,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“生物语言学视域下汉语宏事件编码的形态句法研究”(20BYY163)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文以Washio(1997)提出的结果结构二分法为背景,深入探讨汉语强弱动结式的区分及生成机制问题。本文通过三个鉴别手段从句法表现的差异上对两类动结式进行区分,从句法-语义的接口角度证明了汉语动结式确实存在强弱之分。在此基础上,本文采用分布式形态学框架探讨两类动结式的句法生成机制,将强弱动结式的不同句法表现归结为带有缺略句法特征的词根在定类组合方式上的差异:强动结式的词根是先定类后组合,而弱动结式的词根是先组合后定类,两类词根在句法推导中分别呈现出的“分离态”和“黏合态”既反映了两者的语义蕴含关系,也直接决定了两类动结式在句法表现上的一系列差异。Based on Washio's(1997)classification of strong and weak resultatives,this study examines the distinction between strong and weak resultative verb compounds(RVCs)in Mandarin and their generations.Three diagnostic tests are established to distinguish the two types of RVCs in light of their syntactic behaviors,testifying to the dichotomy in Mandarin from a syntacticsemantic perspective.The generation of strong and weak RvCs is analyzed under the framework of Distributed Morphology,and their distinctive syntactic properties are attributed to the difference in how roots with deficient features are categorized in syntax.In strong RVCs,the two verb roots acquire their categorial features with different functional heads before they merge into a compound.In weak RvCs,however,the two roots merge first to form a compound root,which is then categorized by the upper head.The"separating status"and the"bonding status"of the two roots in derivations not only reflect their semantic implication relations,but also determine the distinction in syntactic behaviors between strong and weak RVCs.

关 键 词：强动结式 弱动结式 分布式形态学 融合 并入 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]