二语语境下母语语音信息的预激活——基于眼动视觉情境范式的研究  

The pre activation of native language phonological information in a second language context:Evidence from the eye-tracking visual world paradigm

作　　者：徐晓东[1] 朱宏丽 XU Xiaodong;ZHU Hongli(School of Foreign Languages&Cultures,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学外国语学院,江苏省南京市210046

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2024年第4期569-580,640,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“语言理解中的语音预期效应研究”(2022SJZD123)的资助。

摘　　要：语音信息的预激活对于高效的语言沟通至关重要,在使用外语交流的环境中更是如此。然而,迄今为止,关于语音信息是否可以被预先激活的研究结果并不一致。一些研究在母语环境中发现了语音的预激活效应,但在外语环境中,目前尚未发现语音预激活的证据。本研究采用高生态效度的眼动视觉情境范式,研究外语(英语)环境中母语语音是否会被预先激活。研究结果显示,在英语目标词出现前500毫秒左右,中国外语学习者已经开始注视与目标词汉语名字存在音段重叠的图片,而且这种注视偏向在高水平外语学习者中尤为明显。这一发现表明,在纯外语环境中,非母语者不仅可以激活与特定外语词汇对应的母语单词的语音信息,还可以提前预测到相应的母语语音信息。本研究不仅首次证实了外语环境中语音的可预测性,还进一步拓展了双语词汇加工的非选择性理论假设。Pre-activation of phonological information is crucial for efficient language communication,particularly in situations where a foreign language is being used.However,previous research has come to inconsistent conclusions on whether phonological information can be pre-activated.While some studies have found evidence of phonological pre-activation in native language environments,no such evidence has been found in foreign language environments.Therefore,this study used an eye-tracking visual world paradigm to investigate whether phonological information can be pre-activated in a foreign language setting.The results indicated that Chinese second-language learners began fixating on pictures whose Chinese names overlapped with the Chinese translations of English target words approximately 500 ms before the onset of the target words.Additionally,this fixation bias was more pronounced among highly proficient learners.This finding suggests that non-native speakers not only activate phonological information in their native language but also pre-activate the corresponding phonological information in the native language.This result not only demonstrates,for the first time,that phonological information can be predicted in a foreign language context but also expands upon the non-selective view of bilingual word processing.

关 键 词：语音预测 预激活 眼动 视觉情境范式 

分 类 号：H311[语言文字—英语]