水稻种质资源萌发期耐旱性评价及耐旱种质筛选  

Evaluation and Screening of Rice Germplasm Resources for Drought Resistance in Germination Stage

作　　者：黄一轩 刘雪 严圣杰 黎妮[2,3] 张先文 刘志[1] 王伟平[2,3] HUANG Yixuan;LIU Xue;YAN Shengjie;LI Ni;ZHANG Xianwen;LIU Zhi;WANG Weiping(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [3]杂交水稻全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第4期27-35,共9页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：杂交水稻全国重点实验室自主研究面上项目(2022MS06)。

摘　　要：为探索水稻早期耐旱性鉴定方法,筛选耐旱水稻种质资源,选择4份耐旱能力有差异的水稻材料,分析其种子萌发能力在不同浓度PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫处理下的变化,确定最适处理浓度为20%;然后以该处理浓度对26份水稻材料进行萌发试验,采用主成分分析方法,明确以相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对苗高、相对根长、萌发耐旱指数及活力指数作为耐旱评价指标,并利用平均总隶属函数和系统聚类的方法综合评价耐旱能力,筛选出高抗旱材料20H022,抗旱材料20H100、20H152、20H263和非洲陆稻;进一步以鉴定的6份抗旱能力不同的材料(20H022、20H100、20H195、20H066、非洲陆稻、日本晴)在苗期进行干旱模拟胁迫,较好地验证了萌发期耐旱性分级结果。本研究有助于水稻种质耐旱性的早期快速鉴定,为耐旱育种提供材料和鉴定方法。In order to explore the identification method for drought-resistant rice at early stage and screen the droughtresistant rice germplasms,four accessions of rice cultivars with different drought resistance were firstly selected to analyze their variation in seed germination ability under the simulated drought stress with different concentrations of PEG-6000,and the results showed that the most effective concentration was 20%.26 accessions of rice germplasm resources were then treated with 20%PEG-6000 during the process of seed germination,and the relative germination potential,relative germination rate,relative seedling height,relative root length,and the drought resistant index and vigor index of germination were selected as the evaluation indexes of drought resistance through the principal component analysis,and then the drought resistance was comprehensively evaluated with the hierarchical cluster analysis and the method of subordinative function.Among 26 rice accessions,20H022 was identified as a highly resistant cultivar,while 20H100,20H152,20H263 and African upland rice were drought-resistant cultivars.Six rice cultivars with different drought resistance(20H022,20H100,20H195,20H066,African upland rice,Nipponbare)identified in this experiment were further treated with the simulated drought stress condition at seedling stage,and the results of their drought resistance at seed germination stage were confirmed.This study is helpful for the early and rapid identification of drought resistance of rice germplasm,and provides materials and identification methods for drought resistance breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 耐旱性 种子萌发期 筛选方法 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311