人工老化对不同品种的水稻种子萌发特性及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Artificial Aging on Germination Characteristics and Physiological Indexes of Rice Seeds of Different Varieties

作　　者：吕巨智[1] 李发桥 王玉浩 谢小东[1] 唐国荣[1] 蒙云飞 石达金[1] 谭贤杰[1] 吴全满 贺囡囡[1] LU Juzhi;LI Faqiao;WANG Yuhao;XIE Xiaodong;TANG Guorong;MENG Yunfei;SHI Dajin;TAN Xianjie;WU Quanman;HE Nannan(Maize Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Wanchuan Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Guangxi,Nanning 530012,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院玉米研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西万川种业有限公司,广西南宁530012

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2024年第4期99-104,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204050-5)。

摘　　要：以市场上主推的3个水稻品种野香优2号、广8优165和特优85为试验材料,采用温度48℃、相对湿度为95%的环境条件进行人工老化,测定种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗苗长、根长以及生理指标并进行综合指数评价。结果表明,和对照相比,3个品种老化8 d的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均下降,其中特优85的发芽势和发芽率降幅最小,广8优165的发芽指数降幅最小,野香优2号的活力指数降幅最小;3个品种的苗长和根长在老化8 d时最短,而苗长在老化2 d时最长,根长在老化2 d或者4 d时最长;随着老化时间的延长,3个品种的相对电导率和丙二醛含量升高,过氧化物酶活性降低,其中广8优165的相对电导率和丙二醛含量最低,野香优2号的过氧化物酶活性最高;对3个水稻品种进行综合指数分析,特优85表现最高,野香优2号最低。综上,不同品种水稻种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和过氧化物酶活性随人工老化时间的延长而下降,相对电导率和丙二醛含量随人工老化时间的延长而增加,幼苗苗长和根长随人工老化时间的延长先增加后减少,特优85的综合抗老化能力强于另外2个品种,更耐贮藏。The germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vitality index,seedling length,root length and physiological indexes of three widely-used rice varieties,Yexiangyou 2,Guang 8 You 165 and Teyou 85,were determined by artificial aging at 48 C and 95%relative humidity and an evaluation of these varieties was conducted based on the comprehensive index.The results showed that compared with the control,the germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vitality index of the three varieties aged eight days all decreased,among which the germination potential and germination rate of Teyou 85 decreased the least,the germination index of Guang 8 You 165 decreased the least,and the vitality index of Yexiangyou 2 decreased the least.The seedling length and root length of the three varieties were the shortest at eight days of aging,but the seedling length was the longest at two days of aging,and the root length was the longest at two or four days of aging.With the extension of aging time,the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of the three varieties increased,and the peroxidase(POD)activity decreased.The relative conductivity and MDA content of Guang 8 You 165 were the lowest,and the POD activity of Yexiangyou 2 was the highest.The comprehensive index analysis of three rice varieties showed that Teyou 85 had the highest performance and Yexiangyou 2 had the lowest.In conclusion,the germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vitality index and POD activity of rice seeds of different varieties decreased with the extension of artificial aging time,the relative conductivity and MDA content increased with the extension of artificial aging time,and the seedling length and root length first increased and then decreased with the extension of artificial aging time.The comprehensive anti-aging ability of Teyou 85 is stronger than that of the other two varieties,and it is more durable in storage.

关 键 词：水稻 人工老化 发芽 综合指数 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318